Francesco Pacelli
Francesco Pacelli (1 February 1872 – 22 April 1935) was an Italian lawyer and the elder brother of Eugenio Pacelli, who would later become Pope Pius XII. He acted as a legal advisor to Pope Pius XI; in this capacity, he assisted Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri in the negotiation of the Lateran Treaty, which established the independence of Vatican City.
Background
Francesco Pacelli was born in
His brother, Eugenio Pacelli, was
Lateran Treaty
Francesco Pacelli was
After long negotiations it consisted of three parts, which were ratified on 7 June 1929, ending the "Roman Question". They consisted of three documents: A political treaty recognizing the full sovereignty of the Holy See in the State of Vatican City, which was thereby established; a concordat regulating the position of the Catholic Church and the Catholic religion in the Italian state, and a financial convention agreed on as a definitive settlement of the claims of the Holy See following the losses of its territories and property. Pius XI declared that with the treaties negotiated by Pacelli, "God had been given back to Italy and Italy to God".[9] In gratitude for his efforts, the Pope bestowed on Francesco Pacelli the hereditary title of Marquis. The King of Italy posthumously gave him the title Prince.[10]
Eugenio and Francesco Pacelli
After his brother Francesco had successfully concluded the historic Lateran Treaty, Eugenio Pacelli was called to Rome by Pope Pius XI and on 7 February 1930 appointed as Cardinal Secretary of State succeeding his mentor and friend Pietro Gasparri. Francesco Pacelli left the immediate Vatican service largely in light of concerns for his health problems. As he moved to Rome, Eugenio Pacelli stayed for several weeks in the house of his brother Francesco near the Vatican, because the Vatican quarters required renovations.[11] Madre Pascalina described the atmosphere in the Pacelli home as plain but elegant. Francesco was the soul of the house, since his wife had died years earlier. Comparing the two brothers, the older Francesco Pacelli appeared to Madre Pascalina to be slightly more severe than the younger Eugenio Pacelli.[12]
The two Pacelli brothers lived there together with the children of Francesco: Carlo, Giuseppe, a
Illness and death
The stress of daily negotiations over the decades-old
Quotes
- ^ The Origins of L’Osservatore Romano, Vatican Website: https://www.vatican.va/news_services/or/history/hi_eng.html Archived February 28, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Marchione, 2004, p. 9.
- ^ Dalin, 2005, p. 47.
- ^ name="marchione10"
- ^ The top 100 Catholics of the Century, DAILY CATHOLIC December 3–5, 1999 vol. 10, no. 230
- ^ Joseph Leufkins, Pius XII, Münster Westfalen, 1939, p 24
- ^ Francesco Pacelli. Diario della Conciliazione Citta del Vaticana: Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 1930
- ^ Jan Olaf Smit, Pope Pius XII, London 1951, 57
- ^ Smit 58.
- ^ Smit 58
- ^ Pascalina Lehnert, Ich durfte Ihm dienen, Würzburg, 1988, 45
- ^ a b c Lehnert 45
- ^ Lehnert 51