Gas emission crater

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Yamal crater [ru
] — Top: 2015, bottom: heaving mound and the crater formed after the explosion

A gas emissions crater or GEC is a

global climate change, since the warming of Siberia's climate weakens the permafrost enough to allow a sub-surface methane buildup to cause an outburst.[1][4] The release of this previously trapped methane into the atmosphere is also likely to increase the speed of global climate change.[1]

Gas emission craters were first spotted in 2013;

Gydan Peninsula, which both sit atop large underground methane reserves.[4]
They are variously located on land as well as at the bottom of rivers and lakes. Soon after their discovery, the term "gas emissions crater" was proposed and subsequently accepted by the scientific community.

Cause

Cryovolcanism on the Earth

Initially, with the sudden global fame of the

Yamal crater [ru], various hypotheses of its origin were put forward, including military tests, meteorite impact, UFOs, or the collapse of an underground gas facility.[7][8] Later, in September 2018, a group of researchers from Moscow State University published an article in the journal Scientific Reports that claimed that the Yamal crater was the first cryovolcano discovered on Earth.[9]

A summary of the suggested two groups of models for the GECs formation.[3]

Subsequently, however, in the course of scientific research, the scientific community has come to the general conclusion that the crater was formed as a result of the so-called gas release – an underground explosion of methane hydrates which ejects into the air all the rock and soil above it (along with releasing the methane itself).[10][1][2][3] More specifically, their formation most likely occurs under the influence of fluid-dynamic processes in permafrost, which lead to the appearance of zones of accumulation of free natural gas near the surface. In this case, when the reservoir pressure of the accumulated gas fluids exceeds the pressure of the overlying strata, an avalanche-like outburst of gas-saturated rocks may occur.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Pakalolo (2024-01-16). "Siberia's exploding tundra craters mystery may have been solved". DailyKOS. Retrieved 2024-01-17.
  2. ^ a b Guenot, Marianne (2024-01-15). "The mystery of Siberia's strange exploding craters may have finally been solved". Business Insider. Retrieved 2024-01-17.
  3. ^
    doi:10.31223/X59Q3K
    . Retrieved 2024-01-17.
  4. ^ a b Gray, Richard (1 December 2020). "The mystery of Siberia's exploding craters". BBC.
  5. ^ Katie Hunt (17 February 2021). "Mysteries of massive holes forming in Siberian permafrost unlocked by scientists". CNN.
  6. ^ Gates, Sara (16 July 2014). "Giant hole forms in Siberia, and nobody can explain why". HuffPost. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  7. ^ "Воронка на Ямале признана криовулканом — National Geographic Россия" (in Russian). Nat-geo.ru. Archived from the original on 2019-01-28. Retrieved 2019-02-13.
  8. ISSN 1744-8743
    . Retrieved 27 July 2016.
  9. PMC 6131154. Archived from the original
    on 2018-09-13.
  10. ^ Buldovicz et al. 2018.

External links


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