Glasinac
Glasinac | |
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Highest point | |
Elevation | 850 m (2,790 ft) |
Coordinates | 43°54′19″N 18°48′11″E / 43.9053°N 18.8031°E |
Dimensions | |
Length | 7 km (4.3 mi) |
Area | 22 km2 (8.5 sq mi) |
Geography | |
Location | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Parent range | Dinaric Alps |
Geology | |
Mountain type | karst plateau |
Type of rock | Karst |
Glasinac is a
It is a location of famous
Archeology
Glasinac is a well-known
The first excavations were carried out in 1880 by
Hill-forts on Glasinac
Gradina on Glasinac (in antiquity
It is located on a spacious rounded rocky top of the hill, which dominates the spacious surroundings in today's settlement Donja Vinča. It is protected by its natural position and a 356-meter-long rampart.[3] Od svih evidentiranih, najveća je i zauzimala je ukupnu površinu od 16000 m2.[4]
Klisura-Kadića brdo (Serbo-Croatian klisura transl. gorge, brdo transl. hill) is an archeological site in the settlement Kadića Brdo with a hill-fort from the Early Iron Age, semicircular shape 77 with 32 meters. It was discovered in 1880, when it was first explored. During 1980 and 1988 it was researched again.[5] A significant number of well-preserved archeological findings during excavations in 1988 have been collected here. The remains of animal bones found can be used to reconstruct the prehistoric economy of this settlement. The percentage of game is negligible. Surprising are the findings that indicate the existence of fishing in this high-altitude settlement. The purpose of raising domestic animals varied from species to species.
The importance of wool and milk production is confirmed by the large number of weaving vertebrae found (of various sizes and shapes). Their presence indicates the process of spinning and weaving wool. Some of the ceramic forms (such as strainers) were probably used in the production of dairy products.[6] Small cattle are bred nomadically. During the winter, these animals were moved to lowland pastures, which were protected from the harsh weather conditions of this highland area.
All hill-forts of Glasinac culture on Glasinac plateau[7]
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Klisura-Kadića brdo - Gradina on Glasinac - Girsko brdo 2 – Borovac 3 – Gradina on Ilijak - Ilijak-Zagrađe 4 – Križevac - Berkovići – Bukovik – Liješće – Pediše – Bijela voda – Šahinski Grad – Vitez - Pohovac (discovered 1890, excavated 1977) – Pliješ – Sokolac – Staro selo – Šuke-Kusače – Kusače I – Kusače II - Dolovi –Amovići – Hreljin Grad – Mlađ – Šenkovići I – Šenkovići II – Vrbarje – Vrlazije (discovered 1894, excavated 1978) – Kramer selo – Vuškovići – Golubovići I – Golubovići II – Kovanje – Gulija – Kopljevići – Gradina Dumanjići – Pračšići – Laznica – Ilijak-Sjeversko – Gradac-Osovo – Kik-Osovo – Ilića kuća-Osovo - Rujnik
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Tumulus on Glasinac
A total of 1,234 mounds were excavated in the 19th century, about 250 empty.[2] There are also cremation and skeletal graves in the tumulus, in which numerous grave goods were found (metal tools, weapons and jewelry, ceramics).[8] These side dishes are mostly domestic products, with local characteristics.[9][10]
Location Ilijak
Tumuli na Ilijaku is a group tumulus next to the Illyrian gradina Ilijak, 3 km away from Hrenovica, municipality of Pale-Prača, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The name Ilijak is used in academic literature, while the local population uses the name Vinograd-Gornja Vinča in the settlement of Donja Vinča.
The increasing use of iron accelerates the social development of
Research
During 1893 and 1894 Franjo Fiala excavated 36 tumulus in the vicinity of Ilijak and Rajino Brdo, some of which were princely tombs.[2]
In tomb II, 1 were found a large number of
In the second grave III, 9 buried individual was found who was in very close contact with the deceased from grave II, 1. In this grave were found two war axes, two double-edged iron swords and bronze knemides with depictions of ships. In addition to the war equipment in III, 9, there is also a belt buckle, 2 small earthen cups for drinking, and some jewelry (tiaras and bracelets). Eight more people were buried in the same tumulus, 2 of them women with quite rich grave goods made up of jewelry, and 1 child.
On Rajino Brdo, the prince's tomb was found in a tumulus which Fiala marked as Ilijak XIII, 1 and its origin dates back to the transition between 7th and 6th BCE. This prince's tomb, in addition to rich jewelry, offensive weapons (double-edged sword, long spear and several fragments of spears and one knife), defensive weapons (bronze knemides with deer images) and bronze vessels also contained a scepter, similar in shape to the one found in the Ilijak necropolis.[9]
The area around Ilijak is named Ilijak principality (Ilijačka kneževina) in the literature, the ruling class is Ilijak dynasty (Ilijačka dinastija). There were seven principalities in the whole area Glasinac culture (or tribes of the Autariates).[1]
Middle Ages
Glasinac is mentioned several times during the 15th century. These mentions show that it was a
See also
- Autariates
Bibliography
- Čović, Borivoj (1976). OD BUTMIRA DO ILIRA. Veselin Masleša, Sarajevo.
- Papazoglu, Fanula (1969). Srednjobalkanska plemena u predrimsko doba. Tribali, Autarijati, Dardanci, Skordisci i Mezi (PDF). ANUBiH, Sarajevo. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
References
- ^ a b "Salmedin Mesihović: Historija Autarijata" (PDF). Filozofski fakultet Sarajevo, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
- ^ a b c "Glasinac i Glasinačka kultura – V. Glasinački kneževi" (PDF). Filozofski fakultet Sarajevo – Freie Univerzitat Berlin. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
- ^ "Đuro Basler: Gradine I njihova zaštita" (PDF). ANUBiH Naše starine. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
- ^ Salmedin Mesihović, Autarijati, 2007
- ^ "Gradina Kadića Brdo". Retrieved 18 January 2022.
- ^ Haskel Joseph Greenfield, Elizabeth Arnold - The zooarchaeological remains from Early Iron Age hill-top fortress at Klisura- Kadića Brdo, eastern Bosnia: a taphonomic assessment
- ^ "Arheološki leksikon, arheološka nalazišta". Zemaljski muzej, Sarajevo. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
- ^ "Rastko Vasić: Beleške o Glasincu - Autarijati" (PDF). Arheološki institut - Beograd. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
- ^ a b "Alojz Benac-Đuro Basler-Borivoj Ćović-Esad Pašalić-Nada Miletić-Pavao Anđelić - KULTURNA ISTORIJA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE". Veselin Masleša, Sarajevo, 1966. Retrieved 18 January 2022.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Hrvatska enciklopedija – Glasinac
- ^ Palavestra, Aleksandar (1984). "Aleksandar Palavestra: KNEŽEVSKI GROBOVI STARIJEG GVOZDENOG DOBA NA CENTRALNOM BALKANU". Balkanološki institute SANU, 1984. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
- ^ "Radossauus Milichieuich vlachus se obligando promisit ser Iohanni Ru. de Saracha presenti et stipulanti pro se et sociis suis conducere cum equis decem et septem bonis et sufficientibus bene fulcitorum opportunis ad salmizando eius ser Iohannis et sociorum mercantias et bona de Ragusio ad Glasinaç penes ecclesiam unam. Et hoc pro precio yperperorum quinque cum dimidio pro qualibet salma" (27. juni 1428. godine) Državni arhiv u Dubrovniku, Serija: Diversa Cancellariae, Svezak: XLV, Folija: 10.