Gouvernment of Atjeh and Dependencies

Gouvernment of Atjeh and Dependencies Gouvernement Atjeh en Onderhoorigheden
Governorate of the Dutch East Indies
1898–1938
1909 Malay-language map of Gouvernement Atjeh
Capital	Koetaradja
History
• Established	1898
• Disestablished	1938
Succeeded by Atjeh and Dependencies Residency
Today part of	Aceh, Indonesia

The Gouvernment of Atjeh and Dependencies (Dutch: Gouvernement Atjeh en Onderhoorigheden) was an administrative subdivision (governorate) of the Dutch East Indies located in northern Sumatra in the region of present-day Aceh, Indonesia which existed from the late nineteenth century to 1938.^[1][2] The capital of the governorate was at Koetaradja (now called Banda Aceh). In 1938, due to a reorganization of the government structure of the Indies, it no longer had a governor and became a Residency instead, called the Atjeh and Dependencies Residency (Dutch: Residentie Atjeh en Onderhoorigheden).

History

The Governorate of Atjeh and Dependencies was created by the Dutch during the

Even after the end of the Aceh War, the region was not truly pacified by the Dutch and conflicts continued in remote areas until the end of Dutch rule.[5] Nonetheless, as they increased their control of the region with the end of the main conflict the Dutch built a significant amount of infrastructure after 1908, including a road system, trolleys, and businesses.^[1] They also purged many of the former ulama and village heads who had been loyal to the Sultanate and replaced them with their underlings or relatives who would be willing to collaborate.^[1]

Starting in 1901 and lasting into the final decades of Dutch rule, there was significant exploration and extraction of Petroleum in this Residency.^[1]

The Governorate was subdivided in 1914 into 5 divisions (Dutch: afdeeling), each with an assistant resident:

• Groot-Atjèh with the seat of the assistant resident at Koeta-Radja, including also Sabang, Ulèë Lheuë, and Lhoknga;
• Noordkust van Atjèh with the seat of the assistant resident at Lhokseumawe, including also Sigli, Meureudu, Bireuën, Lhoksukon, and Takengon;
• Oostkust van Atjèh with the seat of the assistant resident at Langsa, including also Idi Rayeuk, Temijang, Sërbödjadi, and Gayo Lues;
• Westkust van Atjèh with the seat of the assistant resident at Meulaboh, including also Calang, Tapaktuan, Singkil, and Simeulue;
• and Alaslanden with a lower-level official with a seat at Kutacane.

In 1938, all of the various Residencies and Gouvernements in Sumatra were reorganized under the new