Grazhdanskaya Oborona

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Grazhdanskaya Oborona
Also known asGrOb, GO
Origin
Russian SFSR
, USSR
Genres
Years active1984–1985
1986–1990
1993–2008
2019–2020[3]
LabelsGrOb Records

XOP Moon Records Misteriya Zvuka

Wyrgorod
MembersNatalia Chumakova
Alexander Chesnakov
Pavel Peretolchin
Past membersYegor Letov
Yanka Dyagileva
Konstantin "Kuzya UO" Ryabinov
Oleg Sudakov
Alexander Andryushkin, etc
Websitehttp://www.gr-oborona.ru/

Grazhdanskaya Oborona (Russian: Гражданская оборона,

Soviet and Russian psychedelic/punk rock bands. They influenced many Soviet and, subsequently, Russian bands. From the early 1990s, the band's music began to evolve in the direction of psychedelic rock and shoegaze, and band leader Yegor Letov
's lyrics became more metaphysical than political.

History

Formation and early years

In 1982 the 18-year-old poet and musician

lo-fi, straightforward garage punk rock/post-punk with slight reggae influences and exquisite, irrational lyrics, inspired mainly by Russian Futurist
poetry.

1987–1990

In 1987 Letov was invited to perform at the Novosibirsk rock festival. "We weren't even going to play", Letov said, "but Zvuki Mu didn’t come and Murzin suggested that we play instead.".[5] After all, he played a set with his friends Oleg and Evgeny Lischenko (from the local band Pik Klakson) under the deliberately provocative name Адольф Гитлер (Adolf Hitler), which would be released on CD in 2016.[6] When Letov returned home, he found out the authorities were going to put him to a mental ward again. He immediately left the city with his then-partner, the fellow Siberian songwriter Yanka Dyagileva, and spent the entire year in hiding, hitch-hiking across the country until the prosecution was stopped in December 1987 with the help of Letov's relatives.

In winter 1988 Letov returned home and recorded three more albums (also released under the name of Grazhdanskaya Oborona) in his home "studio", known as "GrOb Records". In the same year the reunited band started touring across the USSR.

In 1989 Grazhdanskaya Oborona released four noise rock/industrial-influenced albums (Война, Армагеддон-Попс, Здорово и вечно and Русское поле экспериментов), often considered their best. Letov's lyrics became darker and more elaborate, inspired by Existentialist philosophy and literature (the Soviet proto-Existentialist writer Andrei Platonov in particular). Some songs (e.g. "Насекомые" (Insects) from Армагеддон-Попс, "Заговор" (Spell) from Здорово и вечно) also show his interest in Siberian folklore and pre-Christian beliefs. In the same year Letov, Kuzya and Oleg "Manager" Sudakov started a conceptual, Sots Art-like side project Коммунизм (Communism), where they combined kitschy Soviet art and Stalinist poetry with noise experimentation. GrOb also collaborated with Yanka Dyagileva, who recorded with them two albums (Ангедония и Домой!, both released in 1989).

In 1990, Grazhdanskaya Oborona broke up after playing their final concert in Tallinn: Letov stated he was afraid they would turn into a "commercial pseudo-counterculture project" and decided to put the band on hiatus. After that he started the psychedelic rock project Egor i Opizdenevshie with Kuzya and Igor Zhevtun. They recorded and released two albums, Прыг-Скок (Pryg-Skok, Hop-Hop) and Сто лет одиночества (Sto Let Odinochestva, One Hundred Years of Solitude) (an outtakes compilation, Психоделия Tomorrow, was released in 2001). In 1990, Letov ranked Русское поле экспериментов and Прыг-Скок as his best works.[7]

1993–1997

In 1993, Grazhdanskaya Oborona reformed and began playing live again, but no new material was released until 1997. In 1996, their entire discography was remastered and given an official cassette issue for the first time on the fledgling XOP label, which was a sublabel of Moroz Records used to release Letov-related material. In 1995, the anthemic, shoegaze-y Solntsevorot (Russian: Солнцеворот, lit. 'Solstice') was recorded, followed by Nevynosimaya lyogkost bytiya (Russian: Невыносимая легкость бытия, lit. 'The Unbearable Lightness of Being') in 1996. Both albums were released in 1997.

As the most prominent figure in Siberian rock, Letov was often a source of contradiction. In the early 1990s, he became one of the founders of the

eco-anarchism, that's what I've been moving toward recently".[8]

In 1999, after their first

US tour, Kuzya left the band due to personal circumstances. On 28 December of the same year, the group's guitarist Evgeny "Makhno" Pyanov died after falling from the window of his apartment after a long night of drinking. He was 27 years old
. Letov recruited a new guitarist (Alexander Chesnakov) and invited his wife Natalia Chumakova, whom he had met the year before, to play the bass.

2000–2008

Yegor Letov live on stage during his solo concert at "Luise Cultfactory" in Nürnberg (Nuremberg), Germany (4 November 2000)

In 2002, Letov produced Zvezdopad (Russian: Звездопад, lit. 'Starfall'), an album of covers of Soviet-era songs. In the 2000s, many Russian groups recorded and performed tributes to GrOb, and in 2005, the group toured the United States. In 2004–05, the group released the critically acclaimed pair of albums Dolgaya Schastlivaya Zhizn' (Russian: Долгая Счастливая Жизнь, lit. 'Long and Happy Life') (2004) and Reanimatsiya (Russian: Реанимация, lit. 'Resuscitation') (2005).

On 8 February 2004, at a GrOb concert at the Ural Palace of Culture in

Ekaterinburg, a 19-year-old skinhead bashed a 23-year-old non-Slavic fan to death. The following day, Letov posted a note on the official GrOb website, "Official statement from E. Letov and GrOb regarding the events at Ekaterinburg", stating the band were "patriots, but not Nazis", disavowing any neo-Nazis who claimed to be fans of the group, linking neo-Nazism to the communism the band had grown up with and telling "totalitarians on the left and right and of all colours and stripes" to "fuck off", saying "We kindly request you no longer associate your stink with our activities".[9][10]

Letov's last album, Zachem Snyatsya Sny? (Russian: Зачем снятся сны?, lit. 'What Are Dreams Dreamt For?') was released in 2007. In an interview in January 2008, Letov said that this album might be his last. This album was recorded as usual in the "GrOb studio", but is not typical of the band's earlier output. It is much brighter – Letov described it as "shining". There are fewer songs with themes of tragedy, rage and turmoil on this album than in previous ones; there are no coarse words in it, and Letov's voice sounds natural and calm.

Letov died on 19 February 2008 in his sleep at his home in Omsk from heart and respiratory failure. He was 43 years old.

2019–2020

In 2019, the group reformed and announced a tour to celebrate its 35th anniversary, with Letov replaced by various collaborators, such as Igor Zhevtun (who substituted for Letov on some songs on Instruktsiya po vyzhivaniyu due to Letov having lost his voice), Oleg Sudakov (who managed Kommunizm) and Ryabinov.

The final concert of the tour took place on 23 February 2020 at the Glastonberry club in Moscow. This also proved to be Ryabinov's final public appearance – he died of a stroke several weeks later on 16 March, aged 55.

Musical style

While their earlier work (1984–1988) can be described as minimalist lo-fi

Russian folk tunes. In the 1990s, GrOb's music became brighter and more "anthemic", incorporating shoegaze and psychedelic rock elements, and some late GrOb albums even can be classified as art rock (for example, Zvezdopad
).

Letov was a big fan of 60's

Les Reines prochaines, the Argentinian experimental band Buscando a Reynols and the neo-garage band Marshmallow Overcoat.[11] He referred to Mark E. Smith (of The Fall), Bob Dylan, Arthur Lee and Patti Smith
as his favourite rock lyricists.

Lineup

2019–2020 lineup

Past members

  • Yegor Letov – vocals, guitar, percussion, noise effects (1984–2008)
  • Natalia Chumakova – bass, keyboards (1997–2008)
  • Pavel Peretolchin – percussion (2005–2008)
  • Andrey "Boss" Babenko – guitar (1984–85)
  • Andrey "Curt" Vasyin – vocals (1985)
  • Valery "Val" Rozhkov – flute (1986)
  • Oleg "Baby" Lischenko – guitar, vocals (1987)
  • Evgeny "Eugene" Lischenko – bass, vocals (1987)
  • Igor "Jeff" Zhevtun – guitar (1988–1989, 1989–1990, 1993–2000, 2004–2005)
  • Arkady Klimkin – percussion (1988–90)
  • Oleg "Manager" Sudakov – vocals, backing vocals (1988; also one of the founding members of Kommunizm)
  • Yanka Dyagileva – backing vocals (1988, 1989, 1990)
  • Dmitry Selivanov – guitar (1988)
  • Evgeny "John Double" Deev – bass (1988)
  • Igor Starovatov – bass (1988)
  • Sergey Zelensky – bass (1989)
  • Alexander "Ivanych" Rozhkov – flute (1993)
  • Arkady Kuznetsov – bass (1994)
  • Evgeny "Makhno" Pyanov – bass, guitar (1995–1999)
  • Anna Volkova – bass, keyboards, electric fiddle, backing vocals (1995–1997)
  • Evgeny "Jackson" Kokorin – guitar (1997)

Discography

Main article: Egor Letov discography
Date of Release Title Translation
1985 Поганая молодёжь (Poganaya molodyozh') The Foul Youth
1987 Оптимизм (Optimizm) Optimism
1987 Мышеловка (Myshelovka) Mousetrap
1987 Хорошо!! (Khorosho!!) Good!!
1987 Тоталитаризм (Totalitarizm) Totalitarianism
1987 Некрофилия (Nekrofiliya) Necrophilia
1987 Красный альбом (Krasnyy al'bom) Red Album
1988 Всё идёт по плану (Vsyo idyot po planu) Everything Is Going According To Plan
1988 Так закалялась сталь (Tak zakalyalas' stal) That's How The Steel Was Tempered
1988 Боевой стимул (Boyevoy stimul) Battle Stimulus
1989 Тошнота (Toshnota) Nausea
1989 Песни радости и счастья (Pesni radosti i schast'ya) Songs of Joy and Happiness
1989 Здорово и вечно (Zdorovo i vechno) Famously And Eternally
1989 Армагеддон-Попс (Armageddon-pops) Armageddon-pops
1989 Война (Voyna) War
1989 Русское поле экспериментов (Russkoe pole eksperimentov) Russian Field of Experiments
1990 Инструкция по выживанию (Instruktsiya po vyzhivaniyu) Instructions For Survival
1995 Солнцеворот (Solntsevorot) Solstice
1996 Невыносимая лёгкость бытия (Nevynosimaya lyogkost' bytiya) The Unbearable Lightness of Being
2001 Звездопад (Zvezdopad) Starfall
2004 Долгая счастливая жизнь (Dolgaya schastlivaya zhizn') A Long Happy Life
2005 Реанимация (Reanimatsiya) Resuscitation
2007 Зачем снятся сны? (Zachem snyatsya sny?) What are dreams dreamt for?

Film

  • I Don't Believe in Anarchy, Documentary, RUS/CH 2015, Dir.: Anna Tsyrlina, Natalya Chumakova

References

  1. ^ a b c "Off-line interview with Yegor Letov". Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  2. ^ Yegor Letov's Interview in Irkutsk. About music and politics
  3. ^ ""Гражданская оборона" едет в тур без Егора Летова". intermedia.ru. 23 September 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  4. ^ UO (УО) is an abbreviation for the obsolete term "mentally retarded" (Russian: умственно отсталый). In the April 2005 web interview Letov said this nickname came from a children's book and was "deliberately idiotic".
  5. ^ a b c Егор Летов: Конец наступает тогда, когда уничтожается живая энергия творчества. Периферийная нервная система fanzine, #2, Barnaul
  6. ^ "Адольф Гитлер / Гражданская Оборона – "Лечебница" / "Выступление на I Новосибирском Рок-Фестивале" – Интернет-магазин "Выргород"". Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  7. ^ "Прыг-Скок, 1990 / Дискография – Гражданская Оборона – официальный сайт группы". Archived from the original on 5 January 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  8. ^ Сорокин, Кирилл Егор Летов. Средства "Обороны". Rolling Stone Russia, July 2007
  9. ^ "Официальное заявление Е. Летова и ГО по поводу событий в Екатеринбурге / – Гражданская Оборона – официальный сайт группы". Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  10. ^ "The allure of Nazi imagery in Russia". Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  11. ^ "Жизнь Как Чудо, интервью с Егором Летовым 2004 / – Гражданская Оборона – официальный сайт группы". Archived from the original on 20 December 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2016.

External links

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