Gungsangnorbu
| Gungsangnorbu | ||
|---|---|---|
 Gongsangnorbu, as pictured in the 1925 edition of Who's Who in China[1] | ||
| Jasagh of the Kharachin Right Banner | ||
| Reign | 1898 – 1930[2] | |
| Predecessor | Wangdut Namzil | |
| Successor | Banner abolished | |
| Born | 1871 Wangyefu, Kharachin Right Banner, Qing dynasty | |
| Died | 1930 (aged 58–59) | |
| Issue | Wu Jingbin | |
| Director of the Bureau of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs | ||
| In office 1912–1928 | ||
| President | ||
| Preceded by | Position established | |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished (Yan Xishan as head of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission) | |
| Personal details | ||
| Political party | Hanyu Pinyin Gòngsāngnuò'ěrbù | |
| Wade–Giles | Kung Sang No Erh Pu | |
Gungsangnorbu[a] (1871 – 1930) was an Inner Mongolian jasagh and politician of the Republic of China.[4] Some scholars describe him as a moderate, progressive moderniser caught between the influence of conservative older leaders and young radicals.[5] Others describe him less favourably as a conservative who, despite his early activities for promoting education, would go on to become protective of his own rights and interest as a member of the nobility, and suspicious of young Mongols who had received a modern education as potential challengers to those interests.[6]
Names
His
Career
Gungsangnorbu was prince of Right
Meiji period reforms; upon his return to Inner Mongolia established a military school and a girls' school, both with Japanese teachers.[9] Among his pupils there was Serengdongrub.[10] Later, he sent a small number of Mongolian students to Japan, including Altanochir.[6] In 1911, he was a Chinese legislator for the Advisory Council
.
When the
Warlord era he was not able to achieve all that he hoped for. After the 1928 Northern Expedition he resigned from his position, and died two years later.[5]
Notes
Citations
- ^ a b c Who's who in China 1925, p. 432.
- ^ Erxun, Zhao. 清史稿·藩部世表 [Drafts of Qing History: List of Fan Departments] (in Chinese). Zhonghua Book Company.
- ^ "ГҮНСЭННОРОВ Ванданнамжилын" (in Mongolian). Монголын түүхийн тайлбар толь.
- ^ a b c Black et al. 1991, p. 151.
- ^ a b c Hyer & Jagchid 1983, pp. [1]–4.
- ^ a b c Li & Cribb 2003, p. 92.
- ^ Lonjid 2010, p. 2.
- ^ a b Boyd (2011), p. 74.
- ^ Li & Cribb 2003, p. 91.
- ^ Cotton 1989, pp. 19–20.
- ^ Li & Cribb 2003, pp. 93–4.
Bibliography
- Black, Cyril E.; Dupree, Louis; West, Elizabeth Endicott; Naby, Eden (1991), The Modernization of Inner Asia, M. E. Sharpe, ISBN 978-0-87332-779-4
- Boyd, James (2011), Japanese-Mongolian Relations, 1873-1945: Faith, Race and Strategy, Folkestone: Global Oriental (Brill), ISBN 978-1-906876-19-7
- Cotton, James (1989), Asian frontier nationalism: Owen Lattimore and the American policy debate, Manchester University Press, ISBN 978-0-7190-2585-3
- ISBN 978-0-87395-713-7
- Li, Narangoa; Cribb, R. B. (2003), Imperial Japan and national identities in Asia, 1895-1945, Nordic Institute of Asian Studies monograph series, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-7007-1482-7
- Lonjid, Z. (2010), 'Үхэр жилийн үймээний гэрэл ба сүүдэр' хэмээх зохиолын тухай тэмдэглэл, шүүмж — Records and reviews discussing 'Light and shadow in the Year of the Ox unrest' (PDF), School of Social Sciences, National University of Mongolia, retrieved 4 August 2011
- Who's who in China, containing the pictures and biographies of China's best known political, financial, business and professional men (3rd ed.), Shanghai: China Weekly Review, 1925, OCLC 15002534
Further reading
- Jagchid, Sechin (1988), "Prince Gungsangnorbu and Inner Mongolian modernization", Essays in Mongolian studies, Monographs of the David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies, Utah: Brigham Young University, ISBN 978-0-912575-06-3
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| National | |
