Heinrich Gustav Magnus

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Gustav Magnus
Gustav Wiedemann
Other notable studentsWilhelm von Beetz

Rudolf Clausius
Eduard Hagenbach-Bischoff
Wilhelm Heinrich Heintz

Hermann Helmholtz

Gustav Karsten
Alexander Mitscherlich
Arthur von Oettingen
Georg Hermann Quincke
Edward Schunck

Adolf Wüllner

Heinrich Gustav Magnus (German pronunciation:

University of Berlin
, where he is remembered for his laboratory teaching as much as for his original research. He did not use his first given name, and was known throughout his life as Gustav Magnus.

Education

Magnus was born in Berlin to a Jewish family, his father a wealthy merchant. In his youth he received private instruction in mathematics and natural science. At the University of Berlin he studied chemistry and physics, 1822–27, and obtained a doctorate for a dissertation on

Jöns Jakob Berzelius (who was a personal friend of Mitscherlich). That was followed by a year in Paris at the laboratory of Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard
. Therefore, he had a first-rate education in experimental science when in 1831 he was appointed lecturer in physics and technology at the University of Berlin. In 1834 he became assistant professor, and in 1845 was appointed full professor, and later he was elected the dean of the faculty.

Teaching

As a teacher at the University of Berlin his success was rapid and extraordinary. His lucid style and the perfection of his experimental demonstrations drew to his lectures a crowd of enthusiastic scholars, on whom he impressed the importance of applied science; and he further found time to hold weekly colloquies on physical questions at his house with a small circle of young students.

Gustav Wiedemann
. Magnus's laboratory, which he privately owned, was integrated into the University of Berlin later on.

Research

Magnus published 84 papers in research journals.

thermoelectricity (1851); electrolysis of metallic salts in solution (1857); electromagnetic induction of currents (1858–1861); absorption and conduction of heat in gases (1860s); polarization of heat (1866–1868); and the deflection of projectiles from firearms (see Magnus effect). From 1861 onwards he devoted much attention to the question of diathermancy in gases and vapours, especially to the behaviour in this respect of dry and moist air, and to the thermal effects produced by the condensation of moisture on solid surfaces.[3]
Magnus was an experimenter, not a theoretician.

Other activities

His great reputation led to his being entrusted by the government with several missions; e.g. in 1865 he represented

Huguenot family settled in Berlin, by whom he left a son and two daughters.[3]

See also

Notes

  1. ISBN 978-3-411-04067-4
    .
  2. ISBN 978-3-11-018202-6
    .
  3. ^ a b c d Chisholm 1911.
  4. Annalen der Physik und Chemie. The relevant pages of the Royal Society's Catalogue are in the two volumes: Volume IV (year 1870) and Volume VIII (year 1879)
    .
  5. ISSN 0003-3804
    .
  6. doi:10.1002/andp.18331040709
    .

References

External links

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