Help:Citations quick reference
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This help page is a how-to guide. It explains concepts or processes used by the Wikipedia community. It is not one of Wikipedia's policies or guidelines, and may reflect varying levels of consensus. |
WP:CITE). There are three preferred ways of citing sources
:
- Footnotes
- Footnotes with list-defined references
- Shortened footnotes
Citations can also be placed as
fact
}} can be added after the statement in question.
The following table shows examples of these ways of citing sources, categorized as "the good, the bad and the ugly".
Citation style | Article wikitext | Appears as | References section wikitext | Appears as | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Good | Footnotes
|
Substantiated claim.<ref name="Robinson">{{cite book |last=Robinson |first=Arthur Howard |authorlink=Arthur H. Robinson |date=1995 |origyear=1953 |title=Elements of Cartography |edition=6th |location=New York |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]] |isbn=0471555797 |oclc=30976558}}</ref>{{rp|13}}
Another substantiated claim.<ref name="Robinson" />{{rp|42}}
Substantiated claim from web site.<ref name="example web reference">{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org |title=Example |website=www.example.org |accessdate=5 September 2020}} Additional text about the link.</ref>
|
Substantiated claim.[1]: 13 Another substantiated claim.[1]: 42 Substantiated claim from web site.[2] |
===References===
<references/>
or ==References==
{{reflist}}
|
References
|
Good | Footnotes with list-defined references | Substantiated claim.<ref name="Robinson" />{{rp|13}}
Another substantiated claim.<ref name="Robinson" />{{rp|42}}
Substantiated claim from web site.<ref name="example web reference"/>
|
Substantiated claim.[1]: 13 Another substantiated claim.[1]: 42 Substantiated claim from web site.[2] |
==References==
<references>
<ref name="Robinson">{{cite book |last=Robinson |first=Arthur Howard |authorlink=Arthur H. Robinson |date=1995 |origyear=1953 |title=Elements of Cartography |edition=6th |location=New York |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]] |isbn=0471555797 |oclc=30976558}}</ref>
<ref name="example web reference">{{cite web |url=http://www.example.org |title=Example |website=www.example.org |accessdate=5 September 2020}} Additional text about the link.</ref>
</references>
|
References
|
Good | Shortened footnotes | Substantiated claim.{{sfn|Harris|Sanborn|2014|p=13}}
Another substantiated claim.{{sfn|Harris|Sanborn|2014|p=42}}
Substantiated claim from web site.{{sfn|Example|2020}}
|
Substantiated claim.[1]
Another substantiated claim.[2] Substantiated claim from web site.[3] |
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org |title=Example |website=www.example.org |accessdate=5 September 2020 |ref={{harvid|Example|2020}}}} Additional text about the link.
* {{cite book |last1=Harris |first1=Richard Jackson |last2=Sanborn |first2=Fred W. |date=2014 |origyear=1994 |title=A Cognitive Psychology of Mass Communication |edition=6th |series=Routledge Communication Series |location=New York |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=9780415537049 |oclc=785869181}}
{{refend}}
|
Notes
References
|
Bad | Embedded links
|
Substantiated claim.[https://www.loc.gov]
|
Substantiated claim.[1] | * [https://www.loc.gov Library of Congress website]
|
|
Ugly | Citation needed
|
Unsubstantiated claim.{{fact}}
|
Unsubstantiated claim.[citation needed] |
See also
- Help:Introduction to referencing
- Help:Introduction to referencing with VisualEditor
- Help:Footnotes
- Help:References and page numbers
- Wikipedia:Verifiability
- Wikipedia:Citing sources
- Wikipedia:Citation templates
- Template:Editor tools