Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale

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Henri d'Orléans
Carolina Augusta of the Two Sicilies
Issue Among others...	Louis, Prince of Condé François Louis, Duke of Guise
Names Henri Eugène Philippe Louis d'Orléans
House	Orléans
Father	Louis Philippe I
Mother	Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Signature

Henri Eugène Philippe Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale (16 January 1822 – 7 May 1897) was a leader of the

.

Aumale became an infantry officer and saw active service in the

. In 1872, he returned to the army as a Divisional General, and from 1879 to 1883 was inspector-general of the army.

An important art collector, Aumale left his

, to display his collection.

Early life

Born at the

, and the domaines of Saint-Leu, Taverny, Enghien, Montmorency, and Mortefontaine.

He was educated at the Collège Henri IV, then at the age of seventeen entered the French army with the rank of a captain of infantry.^[1]

Marriage and children

On 25 November 1844, aged 22, Aumale married in

. The couple had several children, of whom two reached adulthood, but still predeceased him:

1. Louis Philippe Marie Léopold d'Orléans, Prince of Condé (15 November 1845 – 24 May 1866), died unmarried and childless.
2. Henri Léopold Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 September 1847 – 10 October 1847), died in infancy.
3. Stillborn daughter (16 August 1850).
4. François Paul d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 January 1852 – 15 April 1852), died in infancy.
5. François Louis Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (5 January 1854 – 25 July 1872), died unmarried.
6. Stillborn son (May 1857).
7. Stillborn son (15 June 1861).
8. Stillborn son (June 1864).

Career

Aumale distinguished himself during the

, a position he held from 27 September 1847 to 24 February 1848.

In this capacity, he received the submission of the emir

After the Bavarian-born

At the outbreak of the

Académie française

.

In March 1872, he returned to the army as a

At this time, having been appointed commander of the VII Army Corps at Besançon, Aumale retired from political life. In 1879, he became inspector-general of the army. The act of exception, passed in 1883, deprived all members of families who had reigned in France of their military commissions. Consequently, Aumale was placed on the unemployed supernumerary list.^[1]

In 1886, another law was promulgated which expelled from French territory the heads of former reigning families and provided that, henceforward, all members of those families should be disqualified from holding any public position or function and from election to any public body. Aumale protested energetically but was nonetheless expelled from France.^[1]

In his will, written on 3 June 1884, Aumale had bequeathed his

Bibliophile

Château of Chantilly

houses one of the finest art collections in France.

Royal styles of Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale
Reference style		His Royal Highness
Spoken style	Your Royal Highness
Alternative style	Sir

Aumale was a notable collector of antique books and manuscripts and owned the important medieval Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. Most of his collection is still at Chantilly.^[6]

Death

Henri d'Orléans, duc d'Aumale, died in Lo Zucco, Sicily. After the fire of the Bazar de la Charité on 4 May 1897, which killed 126 people, mostly aristocratic women, he wanted to send his condolences to the families of the victims. After writing twenty letters, he suffered a cardiac arrest and died. He was buried in Dreux, in the chapel of the Orléans.

Honours

• 1842: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
• 22 March 1842: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold^[7]
• 6 September 1845: Knight of the Golden Fleece^[8]
• 1864: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order^[9]
• 22 May 1886: Grand Cross of the
  Order of the Tower and Sword^[10]
• 1887: Member of the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium.^[11]
• 1890: Charles Oberthür described & named parnassian butterfly P. orleans from China, named after the Duke who discovered it.
• Grand Cross of the Order of St. Ferdinand and Merit^[12]
• Husainid Family Order^[13]
• Member of the Académie française.
• Member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques

Arms

The duke of Aumale did not have a personal coat of arms, so used the traditional arms of the House of Orléans, consisting of:

• Blazon : Azure, three fleurs de lys or, a label argent
• Coronet : of a fils de France
• Supporters : two angels
• Personal motto (after 1871) : J'attendrai (I'll be waiting)

Ancestry

References

Sources

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Prinet, Léon Jacques Maxime (1911). "Aumale, Henri Eugène Philippe Louis d'Orléans, Duc d'". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 920–921.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Henri d'Orléans, duc d'Aumale.

• Biography on 19ème Siècle site^{[permanent dead link]} (in French)
• Académie française Website