Henryk Ehrlich

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Henryk Ehrlich
Born1882
Lublin, Poland
Died15 May 1942
Samara, Soviet Union

Henryk Ehrlich

Yiddish: הענריק ערליך), sometimes spelled Henryk Erlich; 1882 – 15 May 1942) was an activist of the General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland, a Petrograd Soviet member, and a member of the executive committee of the Second International
.

Social-democratic politics

Ehrlich became an activist in the

1917 Russian Revolution he was a member of the Petrograd Soviet executive committee, and a member of Soviet's delegation to England, France and Italy.[1]

Interwar Polish and Jewish communal politics

In 1921 Ehrlich was named a co-editor of the Warsaw

Zionist leaders Grünbaum and Ze'ev Jabotinsky for recent antisemitic agitation in Poland by their campaign urging Jewish emigration from Poland. This time again Ehrlich was candidate to the presidency, he got 16 votes, the Zionist candidate Yitshak Schipper 10, and the Agudist Jacob Trokenheim won by a plurality of 19 votes.[2]

World War II

After the

Polish Government in Exile and the Soviet Union.[3] He was asked to join the newly formed Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, headed by Solomon Mikhoels.[5]

Imprisonment and death

Polish Army
(Anders Army) which was being formed at the time.

The Soviet imprisonment of two prominent socialist activists and leaders of the Second International caused a wave of protests among socialist circles in the West.[6] Eleanor Roosevelt and Albert Einstein made direct appeals to Stalin for their release.[3] However, Soviet authorities remained quiet throughout 1942. On 23 February 1943, and only after the Soviet victory at Stalingrad, the Soviet ambassador in Washington, Maxim Litvinov, wrote to the President of the American Federation of Labor, William Green, telling him that Ehrlich and Alter had been executed[4] on Stalin's orders.[7]

According to some sources Ehrlich, unlike Alter, was never executed, because he managed to commit suicide[8] by hanging himself from the bars of his prison window. Other sources state that together with Alter, he was shot in December 1942. As late as February 1943, letters from "Henryk Wiktor" (first names of Ehrlich and Alter) were being circulated in the Warsaw Ghetto.[9]

Rehabilitation

On 8 February 1991, Victor Ehrlich, Henryk Ehrlich's son, was informed that according to a decree passed under

Russian president Boris Yeltsin, Victor Alter, together with Ehrlich had been "rehabilitated" and the repressions against them had been declared unlawful.[10][11]

While the exact place where he was buried is unknown, a

communist government and was only made possible because of the efforts of Marek Edelman (last surviving participant of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and a Bundist) and members of the Polish Solidarity Union.[10] The commemoration ceremony was attended by over three thousand people.[10]

Family

His father-in-law was historian Simon Dubnow.[12]

See also

  • List of Poles

Notes and references

  1. .
  2. .
  3. ^ .
  4. ^ a b c Anonymous (1947). The Dark Side of the Moon. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 235. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
  5. ^ .
  6. ^ "Labor: Carey on Communism", Time, 12 April 1943.
  7. .
  8. .
  9. ^ Charles Kotkowsky (2000) "Memoirs of A Survivor", Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies, originally published by Concordia University Chair in Canadian Jewish Studies.
  10. ^ .
  11. ^ Lucan Way (1 March 1993) "Exhuming the Buried Past; in the K.G.B. Files", The Nation, Vol. 256.
  12. .

External links