Hospital of St Cross
![]() The Hospital of St Cross | |
Founded | c. 1132–36 |
---|---|
Founder | Henry of Blois |
Legal status | Charity |
Purpose | Almshouse |
Location | |
Master | The Reverend Dominik Chmielewski |
Website | hospitalofstcross.co.uk |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
Designated | 24 March 1950 |
Reference no. | 1095374 |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Hospital_of_St_Cross.jpg/220px-Hospital_of_St_Cross.jpg)
The Hospital of St Cross and Almshouse of Noble Poverty is a
History
It was founded by
Architecture
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Hospital_of_St_Cross%2C_church_from_inner_quadrangle%2C_August_2018.jpg/220px-Hospital_of_St_Cross%2C_church_from_inner_quadrangle%2C_August_2018.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ambulatory_entrance%2C_Hospital_of_St_Cross%2C_Winchester.jpg/220px-Ambulatory_entrance%2C_Hospital_of_St_Cross%2C_Winchester.jpg)
![Inside the church at St Cross](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Inside_the_church_at_St_Cross.jpg/220px-Inside_the_church_at_St_Cross.jpg)
The building is constructed of stone and surrounds two quadrangles. The smaller Outer Quadrangle to the north consists of: the outer gate (16th century); the brewhouse (14th century); from the 15th century, the guest wing, kitchen (which had to produce food for thirteen poor men and 100 men at the gates);[4] the porter's lodge and the three-storey Beaufort Tower of c. 1450. This has three niches above the arch, one of which still contains the weathered statue of Cardinal Beaufort, who was Bishop of Winchester, and the tower and spaces above the porter's lodge used to be the Master's lodging.[5]
Passing beneath the tower, the Inner Quadrangle is reached. The north range includes the 14th-century Brethren's Hall (which had to be large enough for the Brethren and 100 poor men), entered via a flight of steps in a stone porch. There is a timber screen with gallery above, within which is also a splendid timber roof, arch braced; a central hearth and a dais where the Master dined with the Brethren in the main part of the hall; and a wooden staircase leading to the Master's rooms in the south-east corner. The main set of two-storeyed lodgings are on the north-west and west sides of the quadrangle; these house the 25 inmates and are notable for the tall, regularly spaced chimneys and doorways, each leading to four sets of apartments. There used to be a corresponding range on the south side joined to the church, but this was demolished in 1789.[5] The eastern or infirmary range is occupied by an ambulatory.[5]
The 12th-century and 13th-century church in the south-east corner is more like a miniature
Charitable work
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/WayfarersDole.jpg/130px-WayfarersDole.jpg)
The Hospital still provides accommodation for a total of 25 elderly men, known as "The Brothers", under the care of "The Master". They belong to either of two charitable foundations: those belonging to the Order of the Hospital of St Cross (founded around 1132) wear black trencher hats and black robes with a silver badge in the shape of a cross potent, while those belonging to the Order of Noble Poverty (founded in 1445) wear claret trencher hats and claret robes with a silver cardinal's badge in memory of Cardinal Beaufort.[7] They are often referred to as the "Black Brothers" and the "Red Brothers".[8] Brothers must be single, widowed or divorced, and over 60 years of age. Preference is given to those in most need. They are expected to wear their robes and attend daily morning prayers (Matins) in the Chapel.[9]
The Hospital continues an ancient tradition in the "Wayfarer's Dole", which consists of a small horn cup of ale and a piece of bread. The
Media
The hospital was used in the filming of
Masters of the Hospital
List of Priests - Masters of the Hospital of St Cross:[6]
- Robert of Limesia (c.1132–c.1171)
- William (c.1171–c.1185)
- Robert (1185–1204)
- Alan de Stoke (1204–1234)
- Humphrey de Myles/Millers (c.1235–1241)
- Henry de Secusia (1241–1248)
- Geoffrey de Ferringhes (1248–c.1260)
- Thomas of Colchester (c.1260–c.1268)
- Stephen de Wotton (c.1268–1289)
- Peter de Sancta Maria (1289–1295)
- William de Wedlyng (1296–1299)
- Robert of Maidstone (c. 1300–1321)
- Geoffrey de Welleford (1321–1322)
- Bernard de Asserio/Assier (1322–1332)
- Peter de Galiciano (1332–1335)
- William of Edington (1335–1345)
- Raymund de Pelegrini (1345–1346)
- Walter de Wetgang (1346–1346)
- Richard de Lutteshall (1346–1346)
- John of Edington (1346–1348)
- William de Frlee (1348–1349)
- John of Edington (re-collated 1349–1366)
- William de Stowell (1366–1368)
- Richard de Lyntesford (1368–1370)
- Roger de Cloune (1370–1374)
- Nicholas of Wykeham (1374–1383)
- John Campden (1383–1410)
- John Forest (1410–1425)
- Thomas Forest (1425–1463)
- Thomas Chandlers S.T.P. (1463–1465)
- William Westbury S.T.B. (1465–1473)
- Richard Harward LL.D. (1473–1489)
- John Lychefield LL.D. (1489–1492)
- Robert Sherborne (1492–1508)
- John Claymund (1508–1524)
- John Innocent LL.D. (1524–1545)
- William Meadow M.A. (1545–1557)
- John Leffe LL.D. (1557–1557)
- Robert Reynolds LL.D. (1557–1559)
- John Watson M.D. (1559–1583)
- Robert Bennett S.T.P. (1583–1603)
- Arthur Lake S.T.B. (1603–1616)
- Sir Peter Young Kt. (1616–1627)
- William Lewis S.T.P. (1627–1649)
- John Lisle Esq. (1649–1657)
- John Cooke Esq. (1657–1660)
- Richard Shute Esq. (1660–1660)
- William Lewis S.T.P. (re-instated 1660–1667)
- Henry Compton D.D. (1667–1675)
- William Harrison D.D. (1675–1694)
- Abraham Markland D.D. (1694–1728)
- John Lynch D.D. (1728–1760)
- John Hoadly LL.D. (1760–1776)
- Beilby Porteus D.D. (1776–1788)
- John Lockman D.D. (1788–1807)
- Francis North, 6th Earl of GuilfordM.A. (1808–1829)
- Lewis Humbert M.A. (1855–1867)
- William Andrews M.A. (1868–1900)
- Hon. Alan Broderick M.A. (1901–1909)
- Francis Causton M.A. (1909–1928)
- Alfred Daldy M.A. (1928–1936)
- Charles Bostock M.A. (1936–1943)
- Oswald Hunt M.A. (1943–1952)
- Geoffrey Carlisle M.A. (1953–1970)
- Kenneth Felstead M.Sc. (1970–1979)
- Colin Deeds M.A. (1980–1992)
- Anthony Outhwaite B.Sc. (1993–2005)
- James Bates (2005–2009)
- Michael Harley M. Phil. (2009–2011)[13]
- Reginald Sweet B.A. (2011–2020)[14]
- Terry Hemming M.A. (2020–2022)[15]
- Dominik Chmielewski M.A. (2022–Present)[16]
References
- ISBN 0-7139-9281-6
- ^ "The Hospital of St. Cross opening times". Stcross.f2s.com. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
- ^ a b "Hospital of St Cross and Almshouses of Noble Poverty". Historic England. Retrieved 29 March 2018.
- ^ "History". Hospital of St Cross. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
- ^ a b c Page, William (1912). "'Winchester: The hospital of St Cross', in A History of the County of Hampshire". London: British History Online. pp. 59–69. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-85033-965-9.
- ^ "The Hospital of St Cross - The Brothers". hospitalofstcross.co.uk. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
- ^ "The Hospital of St. Cross brothers". Stcross.f2s.com. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
- ^ "Join The Hospital of St. Cross". Stcross.f2s.com. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
- ^ "Visiting The Hospital of St. Cross". Stcross.f2s.com. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
- ^ "Wolf Hall: The Locations". BBC.
- ^ "Songs of Praise, Winchester". BBC. 13 June 2010. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
- ^ "New senior churchman to be installed at special service". Hampshire Chronicle. 20 April 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "Farewell service to Master of St Cross Reg Sweet after 55 years in ministry". Hampshire Chronicle. 15 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ ""I feel extremely privileged": New master of St Cross installed". Hampshire Chronicle. 22 March 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "New rector Reverend Dominik Chmielewski at the Parish of St Faith". Hampshire Chronicle. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)