Hurricane Darby (2016)

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Hurricane Darby
Darby at peak intensity on July 16
Meteorological history
FormedJuly 11, 2016
DissipatedJuly 26, 2016
Category 3 major hurricane
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS)
Highest winds120 mph (195 km/h)
Lowest pressure958 mbar (hPa); 28.29 inHg
Overall effects
FatalitiesNone
DamageMinimal
Areas affectedHawaii
IBTrACSEdit this at Wikidata / [1]
Part of the 2016 Pacific hurricane season

Hurricane Darby was a strong

remnant low
two days later.

Darby was the second tropical storm to make landfall in Hawaii in two years. Before landfall, tropical storm watches and warnings were issued for all of Hawaii, and were only discontinued after Darby weakened to a tropical depression on July 25. Over the period of July 23 to July 25, Darby brought heavy rain and widespread flash floods to the windward sides of the Hawaiian Islands, with storm rainfall totals exceeding 5 in (130 mm) on the Big Island and 7 in (180 mm) in Oahu. This resulted in some road closures, sewage spills, numerous flight cancellations, and minor property damage. Overall, no fatalities occurred during the passage of Darby.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

In the first two weeks of July, a series of

Baja California Peninsula.[8]

Tracking steadily west-northwestward along the southern periphery of a

Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.[9] Despite decreasing ocean temperatures, Darby intensified further to attain winds of 105 mph (169 km/h).[10] Strengthening was no longer expected as Darby moved over sea temperatures of less than 79 °F (26 °C), but on July 16, Darby managed to develop an annular structure. Convection became more symmetric, outer rainbands dissipated, and the 25 mile-wide (35 km) eye became increasingly well defined.[1][11] Darby reached its peak intensity as a Category 3 hurricane with winds of 120 mph (190 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 958 mbar (958 hPa; 28.3 inHg).[1] However, twelve hours later, Darby weakened back to a Category 2 hurricane as convection deteriorated.[1] Embedded in cool sinking air and moving over decreasing sea surface temperatures,[12] Darby began a gradual weakening trend, degrading to a Category 1 hurricane by July 18.[1] Despite warming cloud tops, Darby exhibited a well-defined circulation and a ragged eye feature, remaining a minimal hurricane through the rest of the day.[13] However, Darby finally weakened to a tropical storm on July 19.[14] Darby continued to degrade as it crossed 140°W into the Central Pacific, and entered the jurisdiction of the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) on July 20 with winds of 60 mph (97 km/h).[15]

Soon after, Darby turned west-southwestwards as it continued to weaken, but the shear diminished slightly on July 21, allowing Darby to restrengthen to winds of 65 mph (105 km/h).

Tropical Storm Iselle in 2014, and Tropical Storm Olivia in 2018.[20] After crossing the Big Island, Darby began to accelerate northwestwards in earnest while maintaining as a minimal tropical storm.[21] On July 25, Darby weakened into a depression,[22] and degenerated into a remnant low on the next day 265 mi (426 km) west-northwest of Honolulu.[23]

Preparations and impact

Infrared satellite loop of Darby making landfall in the Big Island on July 23
Storm clouds ahead of Darby in Honolulu

As Darby approached Hawaii on July 21, a

tropical storm warnings by noon the next day.[25][26] A tropical storm watch was issued for Oahu late on July 22 as Darby continued to move closer to Hawaii,[27] and was modified to a tropical storm warning the next morning.[28] Eventually, after Darby made landfall in Kaʻū District in the afternoon of July 23,[19] the tropical storm warning was extended to all islands in the state of Hawaii.[29] The watches and warnings were gradually discontinued as Darby weakened and moved away from the islands, with none remaining by July 25.[30][31][32]

In advance of the storm, Governor of Hawaii

Kauai counties suffered partial closures instead.[36]

Radar image of Darby a few hours after landfall on July 24

Despite not being hit by a named storm in decades, the Big Island was directly hit twice in a three-year period with

Haleakala on Maui. These rains forced the closure of Highway 11, as well as parts of Interstate H-1 and the Kamehameha Highway. Island-wide, a peak 24-hour rainfall total, 8.51 in (215 mm), was measured in Wailuaiki. In Oahu, rainfall, sometimes at rates of 3 to 4 in (75 to 100 mm) per hour, caused flash flooding in several areas within the urban core of Honolulu and along windward slopes. A stream in Kalihi inundated several properties and spilled over a bridge located further downstream.[37] Several sewage spills occurred on Oahu due to the heavy rain, including 42,000 gallons (160,000 litres) at the Kailua Wastewater Treatment Plant and 4,100 gallons (15,500 litres) from a private residence on Liliha Street. This resulted in the issuance of a brown water advisory.[38][39] In all, peak storm totals on Oahu during the night of July 24 exceeded 7 in (180 mm), including 10.8 in (275 mm) in Kaneohe.[37] Across the entire state of Hawaii, there was no loss of life during the passage of Tropical Storm Darby, and overall the islands experienced only minimal impacts from the storm.[37][38]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f John P. Cangialosi (November 29, 2016). Hurricane Darby (PDF) (Report). Tropical Cyclone Report. Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  2. ^ a b John P. Cangialosi (July 11, 2016). "Tropical Depression Five-E Discussion Number 1". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  3. ^ John P. Cangialosi (July 9, 2016). "5-Day Tropical Weather Outlook 1100 am PDT Sat Jul 9 2016". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  4. ^ Robbie J. Berg (July 9, 2016). "5-Day Tropical Weather Outlook 500 pm PDT Sat Jul 9 2016". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  5. ^ Stacy R. Stewart (July 10, 2016). "5-Day Tropical Weather Outlook 1100 am PDT Sun Jul 10 2016". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  6. ^ Robbie J. Berg (July 12, 2016). "Tropical Storm Darby Discussion Number 2". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  7. ^ Robbie J. Berg (July 13, 2016). "Hurricane Darby Discussion Number 9". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  8. ^ Robbie J. Berg (July 13, 2016). "Hurricane Darby Advisory Number 9". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  9. ^ Robbie J. Berg (July 15, 2016). "Hurricane Darby Discussion Number 16". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  10. ^ Robbie J. Berg (July 15, 2016). "Hurricane Darby Discussion Number 17". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  11. ^ Robbie J. Berg (July 16, 2016). "Hurricane Darby Discussion Number 20". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 21, 2017.
  12. ^ John P. Cangialosi (July 17, 2016). "Hurricane Darby Discussion Number 23". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  13. ^ John P. Cangialosi (July 19, 2016). "Hurricane Darby Discussion Number 31". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  14. ^ David P. Roberts (July 19, 2016). "Tropical Storm Darby Discussion Number 32". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  15. ^ Michael J. Brennan (July 20, 2016). "Tropical Storm Darby Discussion Number 36". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  16. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Discussion Number 39". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 20, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  17. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Discussion Number 46". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 22, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  18. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Discussion Number 49". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 23, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  19. ^ a b "Tropical Storm Darby Discussion Number 50". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 24, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  20. ^ Masters, Jeff. "Darby Falling Apart as it Makes Landfall on Hawaii's Big Island". Weather Underground. Weather Underground. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  21. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Discussion Number 53". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 24, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  22. ^ "Tropical Depression Darby Discussion Number 56". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 25, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  23. ^ "Post-Tropical Cyclone Darby Advisory Number 58". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 25, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  24. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Advisory Number 41". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 21, 2016. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  25. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Advisory Number 43". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 21, 2016. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  26. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Advisory Number 45". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 22, 2016. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  27. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Advisory Number 46". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 22, 2016. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  28. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Advisory Number 48". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 23, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  29. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Advisory Number 50". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 23, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  30. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Advisory Number 52". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 24, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  31. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Advisory Number 54". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 24, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  32. ^ "Tropical Storm Darby Intermediate Advisory Number 55A". Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. July 25, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  33. ^ O'Brien, Brendan; Herskovitz, Jon (July 23, 2016). "Tropical Storm Darby nears Hawaii, emergency declared". Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  34. ^ "Airlines to waive change fee for customers due to Tropical Storm Darby". Hawaii 24/7. July 23, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  35. ^ Scheuring, Ian (July 24, 2016). "Sunday's OHCRA championship cancelled as Darby nears". Hawaii News Now. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  36. ^ a b "Closures and cancellations related to Tropical Storm Darby". khon2.com. July 22, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
  37. ^ a b c National Weather Service in Honolulu, Hawaii (August 4, 2016). July 2016 Precipitation Summary. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Report). National Weather Service. Retrieved August 7, 2016.
  38. ^ a b Breslin, Sean; Williams, Carolyn (July 26, 2016). "Cleanup Begins as Hawaii Escapes Tropical Storm Darby Relatively Unscathed". weather.com. The Weather Channel. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
  39. ^ "Sewage spills reported on Oahu; Brown water advisory in effect for all islands". Hawaii News Now. July 24, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2017.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hurricane Darby (2016).
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