Illuminatus of Arce
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Illuminatus of Arce (Italian: Illuminato dell'Arce) or Illuminatus of Rieti (Illuminato da Rieti) was an earlier follower of Francis of Assisi.[2]
Illuminatus was born around 1190, probably in
al-Kāmil, sultan of Egypt.[2][3] In 1224, he was the first to spot the stigmata on Francis at La Verna. He convinced Francis to publicize the miracle. He was living at Greccio in 1246. He is reported to have died either in 1260–1262 or in 1266.[2]
While earlier sources confirm that Francis had a companion in 1219,
exempla that includes one attributed to Illuminatus.[6]
In the Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri, Illuminatus is pictured in the Heaven of the Sun, among the teachers and mystics of the second garland of souls (Paradiso 12.130).[2][3]
Illuminatus of Arce is sometimes confused with Bishop
Illuminatus of Assisi.[7]
Notes
- ^ According to Flores d'Arcais 2001, p. 86, the fresco is the work of several hands, but the monks are by Giotto.
- ^ a b c d e f g Di Fonzo 1971.
- ^ a b Morrison 2010.
- ^ Tolan 2009, p. 109.
- ^ a b Tolan 2009, p. 125.
- ^ Tolan 2009, p. 344, citing Oliger 1927, §§98–99.
- ^ See Di Fonzo 1971, but Morrison 2010 makes the identification.
Bibliography
- Di Fonzo, Lorenzo (1971). "Illuminato da Rieti". Enciclopedia Dantesca. Vol. 3. Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. p. 364.
- Flores d'Arcais, Francesca (2001). Giotto. Actes Sud.
- Oliger, Livarius, ed. (1927). "Liber exemplorum fratrum minorum saeculi XIII". Antonianum. 2: 204–276.
- Morrison, Molly (2010) [2000]. "Illuminato da Rieti". In Richard Lansing (ed.). The Dante Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 498.
- Tolan, John (2009). Saint Francis and the Sultan: The Curious history of a Christian–Muslim Encounter. Oxford University Press.