Isosthenuria
Isosthenuria refers to the excretion of urine whose
specific gravity (concentration) is neither greater (more concentrated) nor less (more diluted) than that of protein-free plasma, typically 1.008-1.012.[1] Isosthenuria reflects damage to the kidney's tubules or the renal medulla
.
A closely related term is hyposthenuria, where the urine has a relatively low specific gravity "due to inability of the kidney to concentrate the urine normally".[2][3] This specific gravity is not necessarily equal to that of plasma. Therefore, unlike isosthenuria, this condition is not associated with kidney failure as the kidney tubules have altered the glomerular filtrate.
Clinical significance
Isosthenuria may be seen in disease states as
kidneys lack the ability to concentrate or dilute the urine and so the initial filtrate of the blood remains unchanged despite the need to conserve or excrete water based on the body's hydration status.[4]
sickle-cell disease, presents with a normal hematological picture but is associated with hyposthenuria.[5]
See also
References
- ^ "isosthenuria" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ "hyposthenuria" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ "Medical Definition of HYPOSTHENURIA". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
- ^ De Mais, Daniel. ASCP Quick Compendium of Clinical Pathology, 2nd Ed. ASCP Press, Chicago, 2009.
- PMID 1752955PMC = 295777. DOI = 10.1172/JCI115521