JWH-073
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JWH-073, a
On 20 April 2009, JWH-073 was claimed by researchers at the
Analgesic effects of cannabinoid ligands have been demonstrated in multiple animal pain models (neuropathic, nociceptive).[7]
These compounds work by mimicking the body's naturally-produced endocannabinoid hormones such as
As the cause is poorly understood in chronic pain states, more research and development must be done before we can realize the therapeutic potential of this class of biologic compounds.[7]
Pharmacology
JWH-073 has been shown to produce behavioral effects very similar to THC in animals.[8]
Its effects are produced by binding and acting as an agonist to the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. The CB1 receptor is found in the brain. JWH-073 binds to CB1 with a higher affinity than THC. CB2 is found outside the brain, mostly in the immune system. The binding with CB2 receptors has been shown to be similar between JWH-073 and THC.[8]
A search in the literature yielded no published studies of the effects of JWH-073 in humans, but these studies in animals suggest with high probability that JWH-073 produces effects very similar to those of THC in humans.[8]
Derivatives
The 4'-methyl derivative of JWH-073 has been encountered as an ingredient of synthetic cannabis blends in Germany and several other European countries since 2010.[9] The 4'-methoxy derivative JWH-080 is also known to be a potent cannabinoid agonist and has been banned in some countries, though it is unclear if it has also been used in synthetic cannabis smoking blends.
Legal status
United States
The US DEA temporarily declared JWH-073 a schedule I controlled substance on 1 March 2011 through 76 FR 11075, and permanently instated the same schedule on 9 July 2012 in the Section 1152 of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act.[10]
Australia
On 8 July 2011 the AUS government banned the sale of JWH-073.[11] JWH-073 is considered a Schedule 9 prohibited substance in Australia under the Poisons Standard (October 2015).[12] A Schedule 9 substance is a substance which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, sale or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of Commonwealth and/or State or Territory Health Authorities.[12]
New Zealand
On 8 May 2014 the New Zealand government banned the sale of JWH-073.[13]
Turkey
On 7 January 2011 the Turkey government banned the sale of JWH-073.[14]
See also
References
- ^ Anvisa (2023-07-24). "RDC Nº 804 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 804 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-07-25). Archived from the original on 2023-08-27. Retrieved 2023-08-27.
- ^ "Grozījumi Ministru kabineta 2005.gada 8.novembra noteikumos Nr.847 "Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem"". Legal Acts of the Republic of Latvia (in Latvian).
- PMID 22266354.)
JWH-073 displays equivalent efficacy to that of the CB1R full agonist CP-55,940
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - PMID 10940540.
- ^ Markuse P. "Forest Humus – Enthält synthetische Cannabinoide". Pierre Markuse Blog (in German). Archived from the original on 23 July 2012.
- PMID 19589652.
- ^ PMID 23108548.
- ^ a b c "DEA Diversion Control Division". Archived from the original on August 3, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2010.
- ^ "EMCDDA Annual Report 2010" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2011-10-02.
- ^ "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Four Synthetic Cannabinoids Into Schedule I". DEA Office of Diversion Control. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
- ^ "Final Decisions & Reasons for Decisions by Delegates of the Secretary to the Department of Health and Ageing" (PDF). Department of Health and Ageing. Australian Government. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 4, 2012. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
- ^ a b "Poisons Standard". Federal Register of Legislation. Government of Australia. October 2015.
- ^ "Synthetic cannabis › What they are". NZ Drug Foundation. Archived from the original on 2015-09-21. Retrieved 2014-05-11.
- ^ › Turkish Drug Law