Jean Baptiste Meusnier

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For other uses, see De La Place.
Jean Baptiste Meusnier
Meusnier's dirigible

Jean Baptiste Marie Charles Meusnier de la Place (

Lavoisier on the decomposition of water and the evolution of hydrogen
.

Dirigible balloon

Meusnier is sometimes portrayed as the inventor of the

Montgolfiers, and presented to the French Academy of Sciences
. This concerned an elliptical balloon (ballonet) 84 metres long, with a capacity of 1,700 cubic metres, powered by three propellers driven by 80 men. The basket, in the form of a boat, was suspended from the canopy on a system of three ropes.

Jacques Charles and Les Frères Robert

After their successful hydrogen balloon flights in 1783, professor Jacques Charles and the Robert brothers built an elongated, steerable craft that followed Jean Baptiste Meusnier's proposals. Their design incorporated Meusnier's internal ballonnet (air cell), a rudder, and a method of propulsion.[1]

On 15 July 1784 the brothers flew for 45 minutes from

envelope to prevent it rupturing when they reached an altitude of about 4,500 metres (15,000 ft).[2][3]

On 19 September 1784 the brothers and M. Collin-Hullin flew for 6 hours 40 minutes, covering 186 km (116 mi) from Paris to Beuvry near Béthune, passing over Saint-Just-en-Chaussée and the region of Clermont de l’Oise.[4] This was the first flight over 100 km.[2][3]

Giffard's dirigible

In 1852, sixty six years after Charles and the Robert brothers 'oar powered' dirigible, Henri Giffard's design for the first successful powered airship was inspired by Meusnier's ideas.[5]

Meusnier's military career

During his military career he was put in charge of coastal defences in 1791. Fighting the Prussians on the Rhine, he was injured during the siege of Mainz (1793) and died of his wounds.[6] For his military service, his is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe (as MEUNIER). The UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee named Meusnier Point after his legacy.

See also

Notes

  1. ISBN 9780203028292
    .
  2. ^ a b Federal Aviation Administration - F.A.Aviation News, October 2001, Balloon Competitions and Events Around the Globe, Page 15
  3. ^ a b Federation Aeronautique Internationale, Ballooning Commission, Hall of Fame, Robert Brothers.
  4. ^ Histoire Beuvry, Balloon revolution Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ISBN 978-3-540-21170-9
    .
  6. S2CID 123539788
    .

References

  • Jules Michelet, Histoire de la Révolution française
  • Richard S. Hartenberg, Technology and Culture, Vol. 7, No. 3 (Summer, 1966), pp. 410–411
  • Jean Meusnier: Mém. prés. par div. Etrangers. Acad. Sci. Paris, 10 (1785) pp. 477–510
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