Jelleine

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Jelleine is a family of peptides isolated from the royal jelly of Apis mellifera iberiensis, a subspecies of honey bee. The new family has potential to be used in the development of new drugs.^[1]

Discovery

Jelleines were first isolated in 2004 by the research group of Professor Mario Sergio Palma at

Health benefits

Fungal spores lead to respiratory disease in more that 10 million people.^[3] Compared to current antifungal agents, Jelleine has the potential to be a less toxic and overall improved agent. So far Jelleine-I has been shown to work against Candida albicans,^[2] C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata.^[4] Jelleine-I causes damage that promotes microbial lysis, in addition it has been shown to stimulate the formation of reactive oxygen species which improve its defence against Candida. In a test Kunming mice were infected with C. Albicans, one hour after infection they were given different doses of jelleine-I over a period of 7 days. at the end of the experiment. The antifungal effect of Jelleine-I kept 60% of its group alive, while a separate group given Fluconazole only kept 40% alive and the untreated control group had a 100% mortality rate.^[5]

Jelleine also has an antiparasitic ability against pathogens such as

Jelleine-I and its

halogenated analogues show potential to be used as an immunologic adjuvant in the treatment of colorectal cancer.^{[citation needed]} These peptides inhibit Fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic bacterium of the oral microbiota that is highly active in the altered microecology of the gut and is closely associated with the initiation and progression of CRC.^[8]

References

1. PMID 38251241
   .
2. ^
   S2CID 6839870
   .
3. PMID 32078635
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4. PMID 32627752
   .
5. S2CID 254077869
   – via Springer Link.
6. PMID 29240765
   .
7. S2CID 209434945
   .
8. PMID 36674985
   .

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