Johann Peter Beaulieu
Johann Peter de Beaulieu | |
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Inhaber Infantry Regiment Nr. 31 (1792–1794)Inhaber, Infantry Regiment Nr. 58 (1794–1819) |
Johann Peter de Beaulieu, also Jean Pierre de Beaulieu (26 October 1725, in Lathuy, Brabant, Belgium – 22 December 1819), was a
Proprietor (Inhaber)
of an Austrian infantry regiment until his death.
Early career
Born in Lathuy Castle,
Battle of Kolin and also fought at the battles of Leuthen, Hochkirch, Maxen, and other actions. He received the Knight's Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa in 1760. "As a young man, his bold and fiery character combined with his great energy and constant activity had made him well-suited to the military life."[1]
Beaulieu married Marie-Louise Robert in 1763; in 1776 she died. He was artistically inclined. He designed improvements for several palaces, designed and laid out a formal garden, and collected art work. He became a
Feldmarschall-Leutnant[3] and awarded him the Commander's Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa.[4]
French Revolutionary Wars
1792–1795
In the years from 1792 to 1795, Beaulieu fought against France in the
sappers and pontonniers.[7]
On 6 November 1792, Beaulieu led Saxe-Teschen's left wing at the
François Sébastien de Croix de Clerfayt.[11]
On 26 June 1794, he commanded the fifth column in the
Proprietor (Inhaber) of Infantry Regiment Nr. 31, a Hungarian unit.[13] He succeeded Joseph Orocz as Inhaber and was succeeded in turn by Johann Andreas Benjowsky.[14] On 7 July 1794, Beaulieu received the Grand Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa.[4]
1796
On 4 March 1796, Beaulieu was promoted to
Po River basin of northern Italy.[15] Secret orders from the Austrian government warned him that his Piedmontese ally might soon change sides, and was not to be trusted. These instructions prevented Beaulieu from effectively cooperating with the Sardinian commander of the Piedmontese forces, Michelangelo Colli-Marchi, a personal friend.[16]
In the event, Bonaparte outmaneuvered Beaulieu during the
Siege of Mantua would become the focus of many battles during the remainder of 1796.[17] During the retreat, Beaulieu relieved Lipthay from command of the rearguard for retreating too quickly. Thomas Graham, a British observer with the Habsburg army, noted that Beaulieu seemed to expect too much from his soldiers, was irritated and tended to blame the failure of his plans on others for not properly executing his orders. Graham also deplored the "petty intrigue" among the Austrian officers.[18]
Retirement
After Borghetto,
Emperor Francis II replaced Beaulieu with Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser. Beaulieu went into retirement after the 1796 campaign. In 1794, he had become proprietor of a Walloon regiment.[4] Beaulieu succeeded Karl von Vierset as Inhaber of Infantry Regiment Nr. 58 and, at his death, was succeeded by Joseph L'Espine.[19] The regiment served in the Danube theater during the War of the Third Coalition[20] and the War of the Fifth Coalition.[21] Beaulieu died in Linz, Austria in 1819.[4]
Notes
- ^ Boycott-Brown, p 132
- ^ Boycott-Brown, pp 132–133
- ^ Fiebeger, p 8
- ^ a b c d e Smith & Kudrna, Beaulieu
- ^ Smith, p 21
- ^ Smith, p 23
- ^ Smith, p 28
- ^ Smith, p 31
- ^ Smith, p 35
- ^ Smith, p 53
- ^ Smith, p 55
- ^ Smith, p 87
- ^ Boycott-Brown, p 133
- ^ Austro-Hungarian Army 1851a, p. 231.
- ^ Fiebeger, p 5
- ^ Boycott-Brown, pp 136-137
- ^ Chandler, p 265
- ^ Boycott-Brown, pp 360-361
- ^ Austro-Hungarian Army 1851b, p. 293.
- ^ Smith, p 216
- ^ Bowden & Tarbox, p 69
References
- Austro-Hungarian Army (1851a). "Militär-Schematismus des österreichischen Kaiserthums: Infanterie Regiment Nr. 31" (in German). Vienna: Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian Army. p. 231. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
- Austro-Hungarian Army (1851b). "Militär-Schematismus des österreichischen Kaiserthums: Infanterie Regiment Nr. 58" (in German). Vienna: Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian Army. p. 293. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
- Bowden, Scotty; Tarbox, Scotty (1980). Armies on the Danube 1809. Arlington, Tex.: Empire Games Press.
- Boycott-Brown, Martin (2001). The Road to Rivoli: Napoleon's First Campaign. London, UK: Cassell & Co. ISBN 0-304-35305-1.
- ISBN 0-02-523670-9.
- Fiebeger, G. J. (1911). The Campaigns of Napoleon Bonaparte of 1796–1797. West Point, New York: US Military Academy Printing Office.
- ISBN 1-85367-276-9.
- Smith, Digby; Kudrna, Leopold (2008). "Austrian Generals of 1792-1815: Beaulieu de Marconnay, Johann Peter". napoleon-series.org. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
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