John Lacy (playwright)

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Shakespeare performed at the Theatre Royal in 1667); Monsieur Device from The Country Chaplain (by the Duke of Newcastle); and Parson Scruple from The Cheats (by John Wilson
).

John Lacy (c. 1615? – 17 September 1681) was an English comic actor and playwright during the

Restoration era. In his own time he gained a reputation as "the greatest comedian of his day"[1] and was the favourite comic of King Charles II
.

Life

Lacy was born in or near

Beeston's Boys
.

Lacy joined the royalist forces in the

English Interregnum period, once Charles II returned to the throne and the London theatres re-opened, Lacy became an actor with the newly formed King's Company.[2]

Lacy quickly evolved into a popular comedian; Samuel Pepys admired and enjoyed his work, as he recorded in his Diary. On 21 May 1662, Pepys saw Lacy in as the title character in a play called The French Dancing-Mistress; on the next day he saw Lacy as Johnny Thump in James Shirley's Love in a Maze. On 12 June 1663 Pepys saw Lacy in Sir Robert Howard's The Committee, and praised Lacy's acting in the role of the Irish footman Teague as "beyond imagination;" on 13 August 1667, Pepys saw the same play, and called Lacy's part "so well performed that it would set off anything." Pepys saw Lacy in his own Sauny the Scot on 9 April 1667.[3]

Lacy was also known for the role of Galliard in the

Charles Hart.[4]
After a serious illness in 1668, Lacy recovered and returned to the stage, though he performed less often than before.

Plays

Lacy is credited with the authorship of four plays:

  • Sauny the Scot (acted 1667; printed 1698)
  • The Dumb Lady, or The Farrier Made Physician (printed 1672)
  • The Old Troop, or Monsier Ragou (printed 1672)
  • Sir Hercules Buffoon, or The Poetical Squire (printed 1684).

Lacy was more of an adapter than an original artist, however (a not-unusual trait among Restoration dramatists). Sauny the Scot is a prose version of

Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew. In Lacy's version, Grumio becomes Sauny, a clown who dominates the play, and a role played by Lacy himself.[5] Sir Hercules Buffoon draws upon Philip Massinger's The City Madam and A New Way to Pay Old Debts. The Dumb Lady derives from Molière's Le Médecin malgré lui
.

Trouble

His popularity with Charles II did not prevent Lacy from getting into significant trouble at one point in his career. On 15 April 1667 Pepys saw Lacy play in The Change of Crowns, by Edward Howard. The King and Queen were in the audience, along with the Duke of York and his Duchess, and "all the Court". During the performance, Lacy improvised some lines about corruption at Court and the selling of offices. The King was so angry that he had the company banned from performing; and Lacy was incarcerated. Lacy was released on 20 April and had a confrontation with "Ned" Howard; Lacy unreasonably blamed Howard for the trouble he had got himself into with the King. The two theatre men came to blows: Howard hit Lacy in his face with a glove, and Lacy responded by striking Howard over the head with his cane.[6]

The actors prevailed upon the King to allow them to return to the stage, and Lacy was soon forgiven.

Notes

  1. ^ Fox, p. 105.
  2. ^ See Maidment and Logan's edition of Lacy's Works, Prefatory Memoir, p. xi.
  3. ^ Maidment and Logan, pp. xi-xii.
  4. ^ Maidment and Logan, p. xvii.
  5. ^ Halliday, pp. 270, 484.
  6. ^ Maidment and Logan, pp. xii-xiii.

References

  • Fox, Adam. Oral and Literate Culture in England, 1500–1700. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2000.
  • Halliday, F. E. A Shakespeare Companion 1564–1964. Baltimore, Penguin, 1964.
  • Lacy, John. The Dramatic Works of John Lacy. edited by James Maidment and W. H. Logan; Edinburgh, William Paterson, 1875.

External links

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