John Newlands (chemist)
John Newlands | |
---|---|
Lower Clapton, Middlesex, England | |
Alma mater | Royal College of Chemistry Imperial College London |
Known for | Periodic table, law of octaves |
Awards | Davy Medal (1887) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Analytical chemistry |
John Alexander Reina Newlands (26 November 1837 – 29 July 1898) was a British chemist who worked concerning the periodicity of elements.[1]
Biography
Newlands was home-schooled by his father, and later studied at the Royal College of Chemistry, now part of Imperial College London. He was interested in social reform and during 1860 served as a volunteer with Giuseppe Garibaldi in his military campaign to unify Italy.[3] Returning to London, Newlands established himself as an analytical chemist in 1864. In 1868 he became chief chemist of James Duncan's London sugar refinery, where he introduced a number of improvements in processing. Later he quit the refinery and again became an analyst with his brother, Benjamin.
Newlands was the first person to devise a periodic table of
The incompleteness of the table alluded to the possible existence of additional, undiscovered elements. However, the Law of Octaves was ridiculed by some of Newlands' contemporaries, and the Society of Chemists did not accept his work for publication.[8]
After
John Newlands died due to complications of surgery at his home in
Works
- On the discovery of the periodic law, and on relations among the atomic weights. London: Spon. 1884.
See also
References
- ^ Carmen J. Giunta, Vera V. Mainz, and Julianna Poole-Sawyer (2020), "Periodicity in Britain: The Periodic Tables of Odling and Newlands" in 150 Years of the Periodic Table, Springer, pp. 93-131.
- ^ 'Newlands, Newlands, John Alexander Reina' by Michael A. Sutton, Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
- ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 515.
- ^ Like many of his contemporaries, Newlands first used the terms "equivalent weight" and "atomic weight" without any distinction of meaning and in his first paper during 1863. He used the values accepted by his predecessors. It is now referred to as "standard atomic weight".
- ^ Newlands, John A. R. (7 February 1863). "On Relations Among the Equivalents". Chemical News. 7: 70–72.
- ^ Newlands, John A. R. (20 August 1864). "On Relations Among the Equivalents". Chemical News. 10: 94–95.
- ^ Newlands, John A. R. (18 August 1865). "On the Law of Octaves". Chemical News. 12: 83.
- ISBN 978-0-552-15174-0.
Further reading
- Scerri, Eric R. (2007). The periodic table: Its story and its significance. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-19-530573-9.