Juan Manuel Abal Medina

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This article is about the historical Peronist figure. For his son, the former Chief of the Cabinet Ministers of Argentina, see Juan Manuel Abal Medina Jr.
Juan Manuel Abal Medina
Born (1945-03-01) March 1, 1945 (age 79)
Buenos Aires, Argentina
OccupationLawyer
Spouses
Cristina Moldes
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(m. 1966; div. 1973)​
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(m. 1973; div. 1982)​

Juan Manuel Abal Medina (born March 1, 1945) is an Argentine journalist and politician who served as Secretary General of the

Peronist Movement between 1972 and 1974. He later became a prominent lawyer in Mexico
.

Early life and entry into politics

Abal Medina was born to a wealthy family of a

1966 coup. Azul y Blanco opposed the government of General Juan Carlos Onganía, however, which its editors believed to be subordinating national interests to those of foreign investors. Abal Medina married the former Cristina Moldes in 1966, and they had five children.[2]

His younger brother, Fernando, worked in the periodical's circulation office, and in 1968, co-founded the

Pedro Aramburu, and on September 4, was killed in a police raid in the Buenos Aires suburb of William Morris.[3]

Perón and Peronism

Abal Medina was introduced to Perón in 1971. He had not been a

Alejandro Lanusse. Pursuant to an August 1971 announcement that preparations of elections would begin, and despite his original intent that Peronists be excluded, he allowed the courts to legalize Peronism on January 26, 1972.[5]

Backed by labor, and in good terms with the military, Abal Medina was named Secretary of Operativo Retorno ("Operation Return") by Cámpora. Perón was 76, and rumors that he was suffering from both ill health and early signs of

senility conspired with the myriad conditions imposed by President Lanusse on Peronists to make the exiled leader's return increasingly unlikely.[4] The decision to field Cámpora as a stand-in candidate in elections announced for March 1973 resulted in Abal Medina's election as Secretary General of the Justicialist Party on June 25, 1972, and he became Perón's official delegate in September.[5] Abal Medina's ties to the military and the right notwithstanding, Perón calculated that naming a brother of the late Fernando Abal Medina would do much to placate the restive Montoneros.[3] A series of secret negotiations with military officers and Lanusse's Interior Minister, Arturo Mor Roig, ultimately led to Lanusse's permission for Perón's return, which took place on November 17.[5]

Abal Medina led the selection process for the over 3,500 FREJULI candidates for Congressional, provincial, and local offices in these, the first elections in Argentina of any kind since 1965. He was, moreover, instrumental in persuading Rucci to drop his opposition to a number of key nominations, among them to the candidate for

Governor of Buenos Aires, Oscar Bidegain, and to Cámpora, himself.[5] Camporá was elected president in a landslide on March 11, and among the Peronist Youth, whose preferred candidates Abal Medina had retained on the ballot over Rucci's heated objections, the skilled young negotiator was now seen as a future leader.[1]

He made the first serious mistake, however, when the candidate he chose for a Senate seat for Buenos Aires (his friend and former newspaper colleague, Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo), was defeated in an upset by the neophyte UCR candidate, Fernando de la Rúa. His choices for other offices also became complications for Abal Medina. Eight of the candidates he chose for the Lower House to represent Buenos Aires were, in fact, elected. One of these, Nilda Garré Coppello, began an extramarital affair with Abal Medina, resulting in the termination of both their marriages in 1973;[2] Garré and Abal Medina married that year, and they had three children.[6]

Garré, Santiago Díaz Ortiz, and the six others soon became known in Congress as the "Gang of Eight" for their increasingly vocal opposition to Perón's nomination of his right-wing wife,

snap elections called for September. Abal Medina's support of the Perón–Perón ticket, in turn, distanced him from the Montoneros, one of whose leaders, José Pablo Ventura, issued a public threat against him, shouting at a rally: "Abal Medina: your blood is a bargain in Argentina!" [2]

The alliance of Montoneros with Perón had effectively ended when, in September 1973, Rucci was assassinated. The murder of numerous other public figures followed, and on March 23, 1974, Abal Medina suffered an attempt on his own life. He was convinced, however, that the attack had been carried out by a new threat sponsored from within the Perón government: the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (Triple A). The Triple A was secretly commanded by Perón's astrologer and closest adviser, José López Rega, who had been given the Social Welfare portfolio (and thus controlled 30 percent of the federal budget). Abal Medina's car was bombed shortly afterward in a second (unsuccessful) attack, and in May, he was removed as Secretary General of the party.[1]

Exile and new associations

Perón died in July and was succeeded by his wife, whose government presided over spiraling violence and inflation. She was overthrown in a

Mexican Embassy, and he remained there for years. He shared the refuge with Cámpora, who in 1980 was allowed to leave to Mexico, where he died shortly afterward.[4]

Abal Medina also sought exile in Mexico upon obtaining a

PRI (the ruling party in Mexico until 2000), maintained a close friendship with the leader of the rival PRD, Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, and frequently visited Cuban leader Fidel Castro.[7]

He established a successful law practice in Mexico, and later opened offices in Spain and Argentina. The CEO of Telmex, Carlos Slim, hired Abal Medina as an adviser for his growing interests in Argentina, and in 2007, he was invited by outgoing Argentine President Néstor Kirchner to join the cabinet of his wife and successor, President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. He cited worsening respiratory problems and refused, however.[7]

Abal Medina visits Argentina often. His eldest son,

Juan Manuel, served both Kirchner administrations in a number of significant political and policy posts.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c Gambini, Hugo (2008). Historia del peronismo III (1956-1983). Stockcero.
  2. ^ a b c "Abal Medina, tu sangre es negocio en la Argentina". SEPRIN. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 2011-06-24.
  3. ^ a b c Lewis, Paul H. (2002). Guerillas and generals: the Dirty War in Argentina. Greenwood Publishing.
  4. ^ a b c "Juan Manuel Abal Medina". Revista Siete Días. March 1983.
  5. ^ a b c d Ladeuix, Juan. "Entre la institucionalización y la práctica. La normalización del Partido Justicialista en la Provincia de Buenos Aires. 1972 — 1973" (PDF). Programa Buenos Aires de Historia Politica del Siglo XX.
  6. ^ "La otra sorpresa fue la llegada de Nilda Garré al Ministerio de Defensa". Clarín.
  7. ^ a b "Quieren repatriar a Abal Medina, tal vez para el futuro gabinete". Perfil. Archived from the original on 2011-10-02. Retrieved 2011-06-24.
  8. ^ "Abal Medina, un "hijo" de Montoneros que en 2002 ya admiraba a Kirchner". Diario Perfil.
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