Jurong Island
Geography | |
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Location | Southeast Asia |
Coordinates | 1°16′0″N 103°41′45″E / 1.26667°N 103.69583°E |
Archipelago | Malay Archipelago |
Area | 32 km2 (12 sq mi) |
Administration | |
Region | West Region |
Planning Area | Western Islands
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CDC | |
Town council |
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Constituency | |
Member of Parliament |
Jurong Island is an island located to the southwest of the main island of Singapore. It was formed from the amalgamation of seven offshore islands, the islands of Pulau Ayer Chawan, Pulau Ayer Merbau, Pulau Merlimau, Pulau Pesek, Pulau Pesek Kechil (also called Terumbu Pesek), Pulau Sakra (which was a previous merger of Pulau Sakra and Pulau Bakau), Pulau Seraya, Pulau Meskol, Pulau Mesemut Laut, Pulau Mesemut Darat and Anak Pulau. This was done through Singapore's land reclamation efforts. Land reclamation on Jurong Island was completed on 25 September 2009, 20 years earlier than scheduled. Pulau Buaya was joined to Jurong Island via reclamation in 2010. Jurong Island forms a land area of about 32 km2 (12 sq mi) from an initial area of less than 10 km2 (4 sq mi), and is the largest of Singapore's outlying islands.
History
The island was previously a stop on a maritime trade route. Jurong Island used to be a maze of island hideouts frequented by raiding pirates. Later in the early 19th century, entrepreneurs trading gambier altered the area for large scale settlement. In 1848 a British surveyor, John Turnbull Thomson, mentioned there were numerous Chinese and Malay villages in Jurong.[1]
The outlying islands of
The Government of Singapore then took the opportunity to grow the petrochemical industry to improve economic growth. It proved a success when the petroleum industry took off in the 1970s.
By the 1980s, after a decade of rapid
In 1991,
Physical land reclamation began in 1995, and Jurong Island was officially opened on 14 October 2000 by then Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong.[2][3] From the 9.91 km2 land area of the original seven islets, as of completion of the land reclamation on 25 September 2009,[4][5] Jurong Island currently has a total land area of 30 km2. Penta-Ocean Construction was the major contractor and reclamation was completed 20 years ahead of schedule.[6]
Petrochemical industries
Today, Jurong Island is home to many companies such as
.Clusters of gigantic cylindrical tanks amid a maze of pipelines now dot the island; investment totalled
ExxonMobil, which has invested S$4 billion in a
Output for the chemicals cluster—which cover oil and gas, petrochemicals and
Jurong Island's refineries process 1,300,000
materials.Apart from imported crude,
Security
Jurong Island was gazetted as a Protected Place in October 2001 following the September 11 attacks in the United States.[9] Access control is contracted to a private security company, while the Singapore Army helps to protect the island.[10] The Police Coast Guard also conducts regular patrols around the island to ensure no unauthorised vessels are allowed access within a restricted area of waters surrounding it.
Access to the island is limited to staff and visitors,[11] and they are issued with security passes. Other security restrictions include that any photographic equipment brought to the island must be declared. Without permission from Island Security it is forbidden to take photographs or videos on Jurong Island. Anyone getting caught taking pictures or videos is handed over to the police, and subsequently will have their Jurong Island pass confiscated and their permission to enter Jurong Island revoked.
Jurong Island and the southwestern waters were to be used for Exercise Northstar 8 from 21 November to 25 November 2011. However, Exercise Northstar 8 was only carried out on 25 November 2011 after 4pm at Jurong Island, up to 7.30pm.
Infrastructure
Jurong Island has two
The island has a network of pipelines that allows for seamless integration among companies. For example,
There are two major cargo jetties on Jurong Island, namely Sakra Jetty and Banyan Jetty. Sakra Jetty is managed and controlled by ExxonMobil.
Jurong Island is linked to the main island by a 2.3 km causeway known as the Jurong Island Highway, opened in March 1999, build by Hyundai Construction. Several public bus services run between Jurong Island and the mainland, operated by Woodlands Transport.[13]
Jurong Rock Caverns
Construction work on
Located beneath the seabed of Banyan Basin, off Jurong Island, JRC was completed in phases beginning in 2013, and was officially opened on 2 September 2014.[15] As a result of this first phase of work, the caverns reportedly have a storage capacity of 1.47 million cubic metres.[16] Phase 2, which has the potential to add another 1.32 million cubic metres, is being explored.
Plans
To raise its competitive edge, Singapore is moving to produce higher-value-added speciality products,[
There have also been plans to build a second causeway to link the Western end of Jurong Island Highway with Gul Road in
Notes
- ^ "Jurong Heritage Trail" (PDF). National Heritage Board (Singapore). April 2015. pp. 1, 8. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
- ^ "Jurong Island is officially opened - Singapore History". eresources.nlb.gov.sg. Retrieved 2019-05-07.
- ^ "Official Opening of Jurong Island". NAS. 14 October 2000. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
- ^ "Land reclamation completed for Jurong Island". Channelnewsasia.com. 2009-09-25. Archived from the original on 2012-10-19. Retrieved 2009-09-26.
- ^ "Jurong Island Reclamation Completion Ceremony". MTI. 25 September 2009. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
- ^ "The island". The Oil & Gas Year. Archived from the original on 23 March 2014. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
- ^ "Jurong Island". JTC Corporation. Archived from the original on 2010-02-14. Retrieved 2010-03-01.
- ^ "SINGAPORE: Afton Chemical starts building chemical additive plant on Jurong Island". Retrieved 2015-03-13.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "JTC Corporation - Overview". Archived from the original on 2009-09-18. Retrieved 2010-03-01.
- MINDEF. 2007-10-31. Archived from the originalon 2017-03-12.
- ^ "Jurong Island: Comprehensive Infrastructure". JTC Corporation. 2009-11-13. Archived from the original on 2009-09-18.
- ^ Colthorpe, Andy (2 February 2023). "Southeast Asia's biggest battery storage project officially opened in Singapore". Energy Storage News.
- ^ "Bus Services – Singapore | Land Transport Guru". 11 April 2013.
- ^ "Groundbreaking Ceremony of the Jurong Rock Cavern". NAS. 8 February 2007. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
- ^ "Five things to know about the Jurong Rock Caverns". The Straits Times. 2 September 2014. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^ Paul Jacob, "PM eyes S'pore-Saudi logistics tie-ups", The Sunday Times, 26 November 2006
References
- Today, 21 November 2006