Kairakutei Black I
Kairakutei Black I | |
|---|---|
Adelaide, Australia | |
| Died | September 19, 1923 (aged 64) |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Occupation | Kabuki actor |
| Known for | Japan's first foreign-born rakugoka |
| Notable work | "Biiru no Kakenomi" |
Henry James Black (22 December 1858 – 19 September 1923) was a kabuki actor and Japan's first foreign-born rakugoka, or public storyteller, performing under the name Kairakutei Black I (初代 快楽亭 ブラック, Shodai Kairakutei Burakku). He was also known by the name Black Ishii (石井 貎刺屈, Ishii Buratsuku).[1]
Early life
His father was J. R. Black, a singer and publisher of several newspapers in Japan, including The Far East.[2] Black was born in Adelaide, Australia on 22 December 1858 and lived in Japan from the age of three. Following in his father's entertainer streak, he became the first foreign-born Kabuki actor.
Black worked as an English teacher for about ten years, even publishing a textbook during that time. He had picked up Japanese in part by hanging round his father's publishing company, and began appearing on stage telling entertaining stories about famous European historical figures. His audience was astounded to see a foreigner not only fluent in Japanese but also fluent enough to make them laugh. He published some of these stories in book form. By the early 1890s, English teaching had declined in popularity, and Black took up rakugo in defiance of his mother and brother, who felt it was not only undignified but also unstable work. The rakugo master, Sanyutei Encho gladly took him under his wing.
Kabuki and rakugo
In March 1891, Black adopted the stage name Kairakutei (Pleasure) Black (快楽亭ブラック) and soon after tried his hand at acting on the Kabuki stage. He was an instant hit, playing female roles, and continued to issue printed versions of his rakugo stories. His mother, and especially his brother, John were increasingly hostile. John actually burst into one of his performances and succeeded in bringing it to an early end by loudly yelling out insults and calling him an embarrassment to the family. The following year, Black reacted by taking Japanese nationality, and the name Ishii Black. He had been adopted by Ishii Mine, a sweet shop owner, and appears to have largely severed links with his family from that point.
In 1892, Black played the role of Banzuiin Chōbei at the Haruki Theatre after starting to be tutored by Ichikawa Danjūrō IX. This event was regarded as being a meeting between two reformists.[3]
Black married Mine's daughter, Aka, but the marriage ended in divorce within two years. In 1903, Black made possibly the first
Black was continually on tour but as time passed he became depressed about his declining popularity and earnings. He attempted suicide in 1908 by drinking arsenic, but survived. His career slowly wound down, and he lived with his adopted son, Ishii Seikichi, another entertainer and his family. Ishii Black died of a stroke on 19 September 1923 at the age of 64 and is buried in
Notes
References
- Bennett, Terry. Photography in Japan: 1853–1912 Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle, 2006. ISBN 0-8048-3633-7(hard)
- Heinz, Morioka; Miyoko, Sasaki (1983). "The Blue-Eyed Storyteller: Henry Black and His Rakugo Career". Monumenta Nipponica. 38 (2): 133–162. JSTOR 2384558.
External links
- http://www.publishing.monash.edu/books/hb-9781921867507.html (Ian McArthur's monograph on Henry 'Kairakutei' Black)
- Shores, Matthew W. (2015). "Henry Black: On Stage in Meiji Japan by Ian McArthur (review)". Asian Theatre Journal. 32 (2): 675–680. Project MUSE 592555.
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