Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart
The Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart is a widespread table of nuclides in print.
Characteristics
It is a two-dimensional graphical representation in the
History, editions
The first printed edition of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart of 1958 in the form of a wall chart was created by Walter Seelmann-Eggebert and his assistant Gerda Pfennig. Walter Seelmann-Eggebert was director of the Radiochemistry Institute in the 1956 founded "Kernreaktor Bau- und Betriebsgesellschaft mbH" in Karlsruhe, Germany (a predecessor institution of the later "(Kern-)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe", nowadays Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) and appointed professor of radiochemistry at the Karlsruhe Technical University. Radiochemical isotope courses were held at the institute, and in the context of these teaching courses the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart arose, which was intended to be a well-structured overview of the essential properties of the nuclides already known at that time.
In the following decades, the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart was published and revised several times. In addition to other co-authors, Seelmann-Eggebert († 1988) was involved up to the 5th edition in 1981, Pfennig († 2017) up to the 9th edition in 2015. In 2006, the management of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart changed over from Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe to the Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU) of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC), then in 2012 to Nucleonica GmbH, a spin-off company of the JRC-ITU.
The following summary table[2][3] regarding the individual editions of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart also expresses the scientific progress in the field of discovery/exploration of the nuclides and new chemical elements.
| edition | year | number of included chemical elements |
number of included nuclides | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| total | ground states | nuclear isomers | |||
| 1. | 1958 | 102 | ca. 1520 | ca. 1300 | ca. 220 |
| 2. | 1961 | 103 | ca. 1590? | ? | ? |
| 3. | 1968 | 105 | ? | ca. 1600? | ? |
| 4. | 1974 | 105? | ? | ca. 1900? | ? |
| 5. | 1981 | 107 | ? | 2224? | ? |
| 6. | 1995 1998 (rev. 1) |
111 112 |
? 3361? |
ca. 2690? ? |
? ? |
| 7. | 2006 | 117 | 3654 | 2962 | 692 |
| 8. | 2012 | 118 | 3847 | 3128? | 719? |
| 9. | 2015 | 118 | 3992 | 3248 | 744 |
| 10. | 2018 | 118 | 4039? | 3285? | 754? |
? = Sources incongruent or explicit/implicit numerical data missing or inclusion of nuclear isomers in figures unclear.
Versions
The Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart is primarily published as a fold-out chart (size A4) or as a wall chart (size 0.96 m × 1.40 m).[2][3] There are also larger sizes (roll map, auditorium chart and "carpet").[3] Since 2014, an internet-based version "Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart Online (KNCO)" with regular updates is offered via the Nucleonica nuclear science internet portal.[4]
The largest known version of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart is located in the Reactor Institute Delft, being 13 m × 19 m in size.[5]
References
- ^ Zs. Sóti, J. Magill, R. Dreher: Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart – New 10th edition 2018, EPJ Nuclear Sci. Technol. Volume 5, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2019004
- ^ ISBN 978-3-943868-50-0(accompanying booklet). Multilingual (German, English, French, Spanish, Russian and Chinese).
- ^ a b c "Category:KNC". Homepage of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart in the Nucleonica wiki, with subpages. Nucleonica GmbH. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
- ^ "Help:Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart Online, KNCO++". Description page of the online version of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart in the Nucleonica wiki. Nucleonica GmbH. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
- ^ "Nuclidenkaart op gigaformaat". TU Delft. Retrieved 31 January 2024.