Katarzyna Weiglowa

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Katarzyna Weiglowa
burned at the stake for apostasy
Other namesKatarzyna Waiglowa,
Catherine Vogel
Known forregarded by Unitarians and Jews as a martyr
SpouseMelchior Weigel
Parents
  • Stanisław Zalasowski (father)
  • widow of Melchior Weigel (mother)

Katarzyna Weiglowa (Wajglowa) (

Jesus Christ the Son of God. She is regarded by Unitarians and Jews (among others) as a martyr
.

Early life

She was born Katarzyna Zalasowska, a daughter of Stanisław Zalasowski

Jewish Encyclopedia she appears under a variant spelling of her maiden name as Catherine Zelazowska.[3] Little is known about her life before 1529–1530 when she appeared several times before an episcopal court in Kraków, and refused to abjure "mistakes of the Jewish faith".[1]

Accusation of apostasy

Catherine probably started professing

Martin Borrhaus, published in 1527. Jewish Encyclopedia suggested[3] that she followed the example of a daughter of a Mikołaj II Radziwiłł and embraced Judaism. She tried to promote her views during the Sejm debates in 1538–1539.[4]

At the age of 70, Catherine was imprisoned in Kraków under the charge of confessing "

Queen Bona
.

Execution

She admitted professing the unity of God, and rejecting the notion of "

Protestants. However, after her death believers from different branches of Protestantism have often referred to her as a victim of religious persecutions and a martyr.[4]

Aftermath

The burning of Catherine was a surprising incident in Poland, which, in the 16th century, ranked among the countries with the highest degree of religious tolerance.

After her death her fate faded into obscurity in Poland. The

Judeophobic literature from the 17th century.[8]

Notes

  1. ^ "Vogel" appears in the 1995 Harvard edition of Stanisław Lubieniecki's History of the Polish Reformation and Nine Related Documents, translated and annotated by George Huntston Williams, but with a footnote stating that Lubieniecki had erroneously given "Vogel", and mentioning that Katarzyna, who had been born "Zalaszowska", had married Melchior Weigel, a city councillor; and that in the sources she was called Zalaszowska, Weiglowa, or Melcherowa (-owa meaning "wife of," -ówna meaning "daughter of" -owska not showing the difference); and that some of those sources, which had disappeared, had survived in excerpts from the acts of the trial in Polish translation: Julian Bukowski, Dzieje Reformacji w Polsce 1 (Kraków, 1883) 176-79. Wojciech (Adalbert) Węgierski, pastor of the Kraków District of the Reformed Church had preserved in Polish and Latin important documents in the archive of the Kraków congregation; Kronika zboru krakowskiego (Kraków, 1817): Harvard Theological Studies Vol. 37 (Minneapolis, 1995) p. 437, at footnote 162.

References

  1. ^ a b Janusz Tazbir, Reformacja w Polsce, Książka i Wiedza, Warsaw 1993, p. 15
  2. ^ Historia - Z dziejów Zalasowej...
  3. ^
    Jewish Encyclopedia
    , referring to
    • Grätz, Gesch. 3d ed., ix. 454, Heinrich Graetz;
    • Sternberg, Gesch. der Juden in Polen, p. 56.
  4. ^ a b Janusz Tazbir, op.cit. pp. 86–87
  5. ^ August Sokołowski, "Dzieje Polski Ilustrowane", vol. 2, p 617
  6. ^ Hélène Weigel (1459–1539)
  7. ^ Kazimierz Lepszy, Słownik biograficzny historii powszechnej do XVII stulecia, Warsaw 1968, p. 450.
  8. ^ Janusz Tazbir, op.cit. p. 87
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