Kenneth Kitchen

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Kenneth Anderson Kitchen
Born1932
Bible scholar, archaeologist and Egyptologist
TitlePersonal and Brunner Professor Emeritus of Egyptology
Academic work
DisciplineEgyptology
InstitutionsUniversity of Liverpool
Notable worksRamesside inscriptions: Historical and biographical; The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt (1100–650 BC); On the reliability of the Old Testament

Kenneth Anderson Kitchen (1932 – 6 February 2025

Professor Emeritus of Egyptology and honorary research fellow at the School of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, England. He specialised in the ancient Egyptian Ramesside Period (i.e., Dynasties 19-20), and the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt, as well as ancient Egyptian chronology, having written over 250 books and journal articles on these and other subjects since the mid-1950s. He has been described by The Times as "the very architect of Egyptian chronology".[2]

Background

Kitchen was born in Aberdeen, Scotland in 1932.[3][4] He died on 6 February 2025 as an unmarried bachelor.[5]

Third Intermediate Period

His 1972 book is The

Theban Twenty-Third Dynasty' in Upper Egypt
.

Ramesside period

Kitchen was regarded as one of the foremost scholars on the

Mesha stelas as well as in Shoshenq I's Karnak list.[12]

Kitchen strongly criticized the

Apis Bull stele in the Serapeum.[13] Kitchen observed that the word Shishak is closer philologically to Shoshenq I and that this Pharaoh records in his monuments at Thebes that he campaigned actively against Ancient Israel and Judah.[14]

Biblical scholarship

Kitchen was a biblical maximalist and published frequently defending the historicity of the Old Testament. He was an outspoken critic of the documentary hypothesis, publishing various articles and books upholding his viewpoint, arguing that the Bible is historically reliable.[15] Kitchen also published articles for the Biblical Archaeology Review including, 'Where Did Solomon's Gold Go?' (1989),[16] 'Shishak's Military Campaign in Israel Confirmed' (1989),[17] 'The Patriarchal Age: Myth or History?' (1995)[18] and 'How we know when Solomon ruled' (2001).[19]

Bibliography

  • 2023. Das Alte Testament und der Vordere Orient: Zur historischen Zuverlässigkeit biblischer Geschichte. 3rd edition. Gießen: Brunnen.
    ISBN 0-8028-4960-1
  • 2012. Treaty, Law and Covenant in the Ancient Near East. 3 Volumes. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz
  • 2009. Egyptian New Kingdom Topographical Lists, in "Causing His Name to Live: Studies in Egyptian Epigraphy and History in Memory of William J. Murnane", Brill
  • 2003.
    ISBN 0-8028-4960-1
  • 2002. Kenneth A. Kitchen, Ancient Egyptian Chronology for Aegeanists, MAA 2, Dec 2002
  • 1999. Poetry of Ancient Egypt. Jonsered: P. Aströms förlag.
  • 1994. Documentation for Ancient Arabia. Part 1: Chronological Framework and Historical Sources. The World of Ancient Arabia 1. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press
  • 1982. Pharaoh Triumphant: The Life and Times of Ramesses II, King of Egypt. Monumenta Hannah Sheen Dedicata 2. Mississauga: Benben Publications.
  • 1977. The Bible In Its World The Bible in its World: The Bible & Archaeology Today. Exeter: Paternoster. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press 1978.
  • 1972. The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt (1100–650 BC). 1972. 2nd ed. 1996. 3rd ed. Warminster: Aris & Phillips Limited, 1998.[20]
  • 1969–1990. Ramesside Inscriptions: Historical and Biographical. 8 Vols. Oxford: B. H. Blackwell Ltd.
  • 1966. Ancient Orient and Old Testament Ancient Orient and Old Testament. London: Tyndale Press. Chicago: InterVarsity Press.
  • 1962. Suppiluliuma and the Amarna Pharaohs; a study in relative chronology, Liverpool University Press

References

  1. ^ Kenneth A Kitchen (1932–2025) Egypt Exploration Society, February 6, 2025
  2. ^ The Times, 13 October 2002, How myth became history
  3. ^ Kenneth A. Kitchen Profile at Goodreads.com
  4. ^ See Kenneth Kitchen's statement in KA Kitchen, 'The strengths and weaknesses of Egyptian chronology', Ägypten und Levante 16, 2006. p.299
  5. ^ Williams, Peter J. "Professor Kenneth A. Kitchen (1932–2025)". Tyndale House. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
  6. ^ (see Karl Jansen-Winkeln, "Historische Probleme Der 3. Zwischenzeit", JEA 81(1995) pp.129–49, Aidan Dodson in GM 137(1993), p.58 and G. Broekman, 'The Reign of Takeloth II, a Controversial Matter,' GM 205(2005), pp.21–35)
  7. ^ in GM 137
  8. ^ Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten (1997)
  9. ^ David Aston, JEA 75 (1989), Takeloth II: A King of the Theban 23rd Dynasty?, pp.139–153
  10. ISBN 978-1-4088-1002-6
    .
  11. ISBN 0-8028-4960-1
    .
  12. ^ pp. 90–94, 452, 453
  13. ISBN 1-57506-081-7. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  14. ^ Kitchen (2003), pp. 10, 32, 33
  15. ^ The Factual Reliability of the Old Testament, by Kenneth A. Kitchen, theologynetwork.org. 2006, accessed 1/31/15.
  16. ^ Kenneth Kitchen (May/June 1989), "Where did Solomon's Gold Go?". Biblical Archaeology Review.
  17. ^ "Shishak's Military Campaign in Israel Confirmed". The BAS Library. 24 August 2015.
  18. ^ "The Patriarchal Age: Myth or History?". The BAS Library. 24 August 2015.
  19. ^ "How We Know When Solomon Ruled". The BAS Library. 24 August 2015.
  20. ISBN 0856682985
    .
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