Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque
| Cathederal of Saint Nicholas (1328-1571) Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque (1571-present) | ||
|---|---|---|
Lala Mustafa Paşa Camii | ||
 | ||
| Religion | ||
| Affiliation | ||
| District | Year consecrated 1328 | |
| Status | Active as a mosque | |
| Location | ||
| Location | Famagusta de jure Cyprus de facto Northern Cyprus | |
  The location of Saint Sophia Cathedral in Cyprus | ||
| Geographic coordinates | 35°07′30″N 33°56′34″E / 35.12490°N 33.94268°E | |
| Architecture | ||
| Style | Gothic | |
| Groundbreaking | 1298 | |
| Minaret(s) | 1 | |
The Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque (Turkish: Lala Mustafa Paşa Camii), originally known as the Cathedral of Saint Nicholas and later as the Saint Sophia (Ayasofya) Mosque of Mağusa, is the largest medieval building in Famagusta, Cyprus.
Built between 1298 and c. 1400, it was consecrated as a
History
Early history
The French
The cathedral was constructed from 1298 to 1312 and was consecrated in 1328. A unique inscription on a buttress beside the south door records the progress of construction in 1311.
The building is built in Rayonnant Gothic style, quite rare outside France, though "mediated through buildings in the Rhineland".[6] The historic tie between France and Cyprus is evidenced by its parallels to French archetypes such as Reims Cathedral. Indeed, so strong is the resemblance, that the building has been dubbed "The Reims of Cyprus"; it was built with three doors, twin towers over the aisles and a flat roof, typical of Crusader architecture.
Sometime after 1480, a meeting chamber, known as the Loggia Bembo, was added to the south-west corner of the cathedral. Notable for its elaborately moulded entrance with slender pillars in marble, it is in an architectural style that departs considerably from that of the cathedral proper. The association with the
Ottoman era
The upper parts of the cathedral's two towers suffered from earthquakes, were badly damaged during the
Nearly all statuary, cruciforms, stained glass, frescos, and paintings were removed or plastered over, as well as most tombs and the altar. The Gothic structure was preserved however, and a few tombs can still be identified in the north aisle.
In 1954, it was renamed the Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque after the commander of the 1570 Ottoman conquest - infamous for the gruesome torture of Marco Antonio Bragadin, the Venetian commander of the city's fortress. Bragadin had surrendered the city following a brutal 10-month siege in which 6,000 Christian defenders held off an army of more than 100,000 Ottoman Turks.
Architectural legacy
The Cathedral of St. Nicholas was not widely emulated as far as can be judged from surviving buildings of the Lusignan period in Cyprus. However, in the nineteenth century the west portal and other details were copied directly in the Greek Orthodox church at Lysi.
Famagusta Cathedral in literature
Famagusta Cathedral appears in several works of literature, including Kuraj by the Italian writer Silvia Di Natale, Sunrise by the British author Victoria Hislop and In Search of Sixpence by the Anglo-Cypriot author Michael Paraskos.
See also
- Rayonnant
- Saint Sophia Cathedral, Nicosia
- Conversion of non-Muslim places of worship into mosques
Gallery
-
St. Nicholas Cathedral, Famagusta, Cyprus, detail of a late antique lintel used as a seat in front of Loggia Bembo. -
Inscription dated 1311 on the south side of St. Nicholas Cathedral, Famagusta, recording the progress of the construction. -
St. Nicholas Cathedral, Famagusta, Cyprus, Loggia Bembo, detail of the entrance, circa 1480s. The heraldic devices of the Bembo family are on the abaci of the pillars and visible on the end of the marble seat. -
The interior.
_(16).JPG)
References
- ^ Published by Camille Enlart in the nineteenth century and revisited in Franke, Arne. “St Nicholas in Famagusta: A New Approach to the Dating, Chronology and Sources of Architectural Language.” In Medieval and Renaissance Famagusta: Studies in Architecture, Art and History, 75–91 (Farnham: Ashgate, 2012).
- ^ Eileen Davey. Northern Cyprus: a traveller's guide. I. B. Tauris Publishers, 1994. Page 97.
- ^ Adrian J. Boas. Crusader Archaeology: the Material Culture of the Latin East. Routledge (UK), 1999. Page 49.
- ^ "Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque (St Nicholas Cathedral) - Famagusta, Cyprus". Cypnet.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-10-06.
- ^ "Northern Cyprus, Magusa, Enkomi". Ministry of Economy and Tourism / North Cyprus. Archived from the original on 12 February 2007. Retrieved 2013-10-06.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Nicola Coldstream. Medieval Architecture. Oxford University Press, 2002. Page 13.
- ^ Lucchese, Vincenzo. “Famagusta from a Latin Perspective: Venetian Heraldic Shields and Other Fragmentary Remains.” In Medieval and Renaissance Famagusta: Studies in Architecture, Art and History, 167–86. Farnham: Ashgate, 2012.
- ^ [1] Archived March 7, 2004, at the Wayback Machine
External links
