League of the Just
League of the Just Bund der Gerechten | |
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far-left | |
Colours | Red |
The League of the Just (
In 1847, the League of the Just merged with the Communist Correspondence Committee, an organization led by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, creating the Communist League. The new group tasked Marx and Engels with writing a political platform for itself. The resulting document was The Communist Manifesto.
History
At its peak, the League of Outlaws had about 100 members in Paris and 80 in
Members of the League of the Just were German
Their stated goal was "the establishment of theThe latter league had a pyramidal structure inspired by the
Wilhelm Weitling was the most prominent leader in the movement.[14][15] Weitling proclaimed himself a "social Luther" and denounced private property and money as a source of corruption and exploitation.[16][17] Other significant leaders included Karl Schapper, Bruno Bauer, Joseph Moll,[7][17] August Hermann Ewerbeck,[10][18] and Johann Hoeckerig.[19]
Many members of the League of the Just were involved in the
In 1845 there was significant public debate within the League between Weitling, who advocated for an immediate uprising of workers, and Karl Schapper, who considered this premature, especially after his experience in the 1839 uprising. Schapper advocated for a longer campaign of popular education to prepare the masses for revolution.[22]
Karl Marx was hesitant about joining the League due to political disagreements, but was convinced by Joseph Moll that he could be more influential debating as a member from within the organization when Moll visited Brussels in January 1847.[7] In June 1847, the League of the Just merged with the Communist Correspondence Committee to form the Communist League.[23]
See also
Citations
- ^ a b c d e f Davies 2014, p. 31.
- ^ a b c d e f Lause 2011, p. 11.
- ^ Billington 1980, p. 176,183. Cf. 93.
- ^ a b c d e f Rothbard 2009, p. 164.
- ^ While in most literature the group is referred to as "Bund der Gerechten" (League of the Just), the German historian Waltraud Seidel-Höppner has, based on new archival sources, argued that the group itself used the name "Bund der Gerechtigkeit" (League of Justice) (Höppner & Seidel-Höppner 2002)
- ^ a b c Day & Gaido 2009, p. 4.
- ^ a b c d e Marik 2008, p. 58.
- ^ Hobsbawm 2012, p. 3.
- ^ Hobsbawm 2011, p. 101.
- ^ a b Wheen 2001, p. 109.
- ^ a b G.N. Volkov et al., The Basics of Marxist-Leninist Theory. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1979.
- ^ Toews 1999, p. 8.
- ^ a b Vander Hook 2011, p. 16.
- ^ Birchall 1997, p. 95.
- ^ Rothbard 2009, p. 164f.
- ^ Lattek 2006, p. 23.
- ^ a b c d e f Rothbard 2009, p. 165.
- ^ Henderson 1976, p. 41,91.
- ^ Billington 1980, p. 185.
- ^ Bernard Moss, "Marx and the Permanent Revolution in France: Background to the Communist Manifesto," in The Communist Manifesto Today: The Socialist Register, 1998. New York: Monthly Review Press; pg.10.
- ^ Vander Hook 2011, p. 17.
- ^ Henderson 1976, p. 90.
- ^ Toews 1999, p. 10.
References
- Billington, J.H. (1980). Fire in the Minds of Men: Origins of the Revolutionary Faith. Basic Books.
- Birchall, I.H. (1997). The Spectre of Babeuf. ISBN 978-1-349-25599-3.
- Davies, T.R. (2014). NGOs: A New History of Transnational Civil Society. ISBN 978-0-19-938753-3.
- Day, R.B.; Gaido, D. (2009). Witnesses to Permanent Revolution: The Documentary Record. Historical Materialism Book Series. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16770-4.
- Henderson, W.O. (1976). The Life of Friedrich Engels. Vol. 1. Cass. ISBN 978-0-7146-4002-0.
- ISBN 978-1-84467-903-4.
- ISBN 978-0-300-17825-8.
- Lattek, C. (2006). Revolutionary Refugees: German Socialism in Britain, 1840–1860. British Politics and Society Series. ISBN 978-0-7146-5100-2.
- Lause, M. A. (2011). A Secret Society History of the Civil War. ISBN 978-0-252-09359-3.
- Marik, S. (2008). Reinterrogating the Classical Marxist Discourses of Revolutionary Democracy. Aakar Books. ISBN 978-81-89833-34-3.
- ISBN 978-1-61016-163-3.
- Toews, J. (1999). The Communist Manifesto, with Related Documents. The Bedford Series in History and Culture. ISBN 9780312157111.
- Vander Hook, S. (2011). Communism. Exploring World Governments. ABDO Publishing Company. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-61714-789-0.
- Wheen, F. (2001). Karl Marx: A Life. ISBN 978-0-393-32157-9.
Further reading
- Höppner, Joachim; Seidel-Höppner, Waltraud (2002). "Der Bund der Geächteten und der Bund der Gerechtigkeit" [The League of Outlaws and the League of Justice]. Jahrbuch für Forschungen zur Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung. 1 (3).