Listoghil

Coordinates: 54°15′03″N 8°31′09″W / 54.25083°N 8.51917°W / 54.25083; -8.51917
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Listoghil (

George Petrie in 1837 and this designation is still used. Although the district of Cuil Irra is steeped in legend, Listoghil has never been satisfactorily connected with the ancient legends in the way that say Newgrange has. It is the only cairn
in Carrowmore. Antiquarians in the 19th century made references to another cairn nearby at Leacharail, but the site of this has never been located.

Etymology

According to Petrie (Letter to Larcom, Aug. 1837), the name may mean 'Ryefort' (it appears as Lios a' tSeagail, seagail meaning rye in Irish, in early maps). However lios in Irish refers generally to a court or enclosed area, so it may be that the name originally referred to the area enclosed by the dolmens, on which Listoghil stands, rather than the cairn itself.

Listoghil from the north west with a small satellite tomb, tomb 52, in the foreground

Location

Listoghil stands 59m above sea level at the geographic centre of the

Miosgán Médhbh
and to the east the two great cairns on Cairns hill.

Listoghil is surrounded - and generally, faced - by a cluster of 'dolmen circles', also classified as

passage tombs by archaeologists. These were open and uncovered. Listoghil is larger than its satellites, being about 34m in diameter; the satellites average about 15m. Queen Maeve's cairn, on Knocknarea
Mountain, is twice the diameter, and stands at about 10 m high.

Early excavation and damage

The central chamber in Listoghil

Writings by Charles Elcock from the 1880s describe workmen removing the stones for 'road metal'. Only when quarrymen uncovered the burial chamber in the middle of the mound did its destruction end. By the end of the 19th century the tomb had been investigated by antiquarians of the period who recorded finding 'bones of horses', charred wood and a worked flint javelin head. Some materials from this tomb are in the Alnwick Castle collection[2]

Excavation and restoration

In the late 1990s Goran Burenhult, a Swedish archaeologist, partly excavated Listoghil. He dated bone and carbon material, and exposed the still-intact kerb. The monument was subsequently restored by the Office of Public Works. Listoghil now consists of a 4 m tall, 34 m diameter cairn. Access to the central chamber - via a 13 m artificial avenue of gabions - is possible. The chamber at the heart of the mound is a dolmen-like structure, with 6 orthostats. A single limestone slab - tilted at 6.1° - crowns the chamber. A rare example of Irish megalithic art outside of the Boyne valley, consisting of concentric circular carvings, can be seen on the front side of the roof slab (this is visible only in certain lighting conditions). A symbol described by Julian Cope as 'a strangely distorted tryfuss' has been carved on a stone inside.

Bone and carbon material from Listoghil was carbon dated to approximately 3500 BC.

cremated
, and un-cremated bones; the older, smaller tombs around it generally contain burnt bones. Extensive burning took place on the area of the site before the chamber was erected.

Alignment

Listoghil points at a low saddle-like formation in the Ballygawley Mountains, 6.5 km to the east-southeast. Sunrise in this position coincides with the start and the end of winter, which are traditionally important

cross-quarter day. But the alignment with the axis of the chamber and the illumination of the chamber by sunlight coincides to the day with that of another Neolithic passage tomb, the Mound of the Hostages at the heart of the Tara complex.[4]

References

  1. ISBN 9171929452
  2. ISBN 9171929452
  3. ^ Burenhult, Goran (2001) Illustrated Guide to the Megalithic Cemetery of Carrowmore Co. Sligo. Tjörnarp, Sweden
  4. doi:10.11141/ia.32.3
    .

Sources

54°15′03″N 8°31′09″W / 54.25083°N 8.51917°W / 54.25083; -8.51917

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