Lucus Feroniae
 View of the archaeological site of Lucus Feroniae | |
  Shown within Lazio | |
| Location | Lazio, Italy |
|---|---|
| Region | Provincia di Roma |
| Coordinates | 42°07′48″N 12°35′48″E / 42.13000°N 12.59667°E |
| Type | Settlement |
| History | |
| Periods | Roman Republic Roman Empire |
| Cultures | Ancient Rome |
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | yes |
| Public access | yes |
Lucus Feroniae was an ancient sanctuary or, literally
It was partially excavated when the A1 Rome-Milan motorway which crosses it was built, and the archaeological site is adjacent to that of the ancient Roman Villa dei Volusii.
The sanctuary was located near the later port on the Tiber, facing the
History
According to tradition it was a Faliscan colony.[2]
In the time of Tullus Hostilius (r.672–640 BC) it was visited both by Latins and Sabines even though it was in Etruria.[3] In the 3rd c. BC, the most famous religious festivities in Italy took place here,[4] with great yearly gatherings of worshippers and excavations have shown that the town expanded considerably in this period.
Due to its rich contents, the sanctuary was plundered by
Between 143 and 129 BC the sanctuary was rebuilt in stone as a Hellenistic temple of corinthian order and with porticos surrounding the sacred area. It was later destroyed perhaps in the Social Wars as were many other Italic sanctuaries after 90 BC.
The settlement continued to grow as a market town with the trade done there on religious holidays.[5] As Strabo (writing around 10 AD) says:
"At the foot of Monte Soratte is the city of Feronia, which has a common name with a divinity of that place, greatly honoured by the surrounding inhabitants, and of which there is a temple where it is made an admirable cult. Because some possessed by that Goddess walk barefoot through a large bed of hot ash and burning coals, without being offended; and a large number of men compete for it, as well for the fair that is celebrated there every year, as for the spectacle just mentioned."
In Imperial times the sanctuary became part of the larger town of Feronia under the radical restructuring that the site underwent as Colonia Iulia Felix Lucoferensis after receiving a colony of Octavian's veterans.
The site
Inscriptions show that the sanctuary or
The sanctuary consisted of the sacred wood (lucus), the temple and a large altar: the temple of an Italic plan has some of the ashlar foundations and parts of the facade with fluted columns, the architrave and the tympanum, all likely to be related to the reconstruction following Hannibal's sack. The altar is aligned with the entrance portico on the Forum; a further entrance seems to be located further north on the via Tiberina. In the 1960-61 excavations, remains of the votive stipa were also found, with anatomical clay material, ceramics, bronzes and jewels.
The wall of the temenos on the northeast was also found, consisting of a sturdy structure in opus incertum with beautiful plaster with imitation marble stucco.
A museum houses many finds from the site.
The Villa dei Volusii is located nearby.[7][8]
See also
External links
- Gladiators Rescued from Tomb Raiders Lie Forgotten under Sheets
- Soprintendenza Beni Archeologici Etruria Meridionale Sito Istituzionale > AREE ARCHEOLOGICHE > Villa dei Volusii
References
- ^ Harris, W., DARMC, R. Talbert, S. Gillies, T. Elliott, J. Becker (11 January 2021). "Places: 413184 (Lucus Feroniae)". Pleiades. Retrieved December 18, 2014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Pliny the Elder, Naturalis historia, 3.8
- ^ Filippo Coarelli , The sanctuaries, the river, the emporiums , vol. 13, in Einaudi History of the Greeks and Romans, 2008, p.132.
- ^ Dionysius iii, 32
- ^ Strabo, Geography, 5, 2, 9.
- ^ M. Torelli, LUCUS FERONIAE, Enciclopedia dell' Arte Antica (1973)
- ISBN 978-90-04-16037-8.
- ISBN 978-1-134-30335-9.
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