Etruria
Etruria (/ɪˈtrʊəriə/ ih-TROOR-ee-ə) was a region of Central Italy delimited by the rivers Arno and Tiber,[1] an area that covered what is now most of Tuscany, northern Lazio, and north-western Umbria.
Etruscan Etruria
The ancient people of Etruria[2] are identified as
The Etruscans were a dominant culture in Italy by 650 BC,
Rome was influenced strongly by the Etruscans even though it was separated from the early boundary of Etruria by the
The Etruscan civilization had a great influence on the culture of early Republican Rome, some of what later became the most symbolic traditions of the city. It also included the introduction of new foods, the Latin alphabet, the architecture, and engineering elements.[6]
Territorial subdivision of Etruria
Etruria usually is divided into two main territories, called Northern Etruria and Southern Etruria, to which must be added the northernmost territories are called Etruria Padana, and the southernmost territories are called Etruria Campana.
- Etruria (proper)
- Northern Etruria - much of modern Tuscany, from the Arno river to the north, the Apennines to the east, and the Albegna river to the south of Tuscany; furthermore, the Etruscan territories north to Perugia in modern Umbria
- Southern Etruria - small portions of the most southern areas of Tuscany, all of northern and central Lazio to the gates of Rome
- Etruscan colonies
- Etruria Padana (Padanian Etruria) - territories in Emilia-Romagna and in the southern extremity of Lombardy and Veneto, in northern Italy
- , in southern Italy
Cities of Etruria
Latin and Italian names are given between parentheses:
- Arritim (Arretium, Arezzo)
- Atria (Adria)
- Caisra (Caere, Cerveteri)
- Clevsin (Clusium, Chiusi)
- Curtun (Cortonium, Cortona)
- Felathri (Volaterrae, Volterra)
- Fufluna (Populonium, Populonia)
- Parusia (Perusia, Perugia)
- Tarchna (Volscian Anxur) (Tarracina, Terracina)
- Tarchnal (Tarquinii, Tarquinia)
- Veii (Veii, Veio)
- Vetluna(Vetulonium, Vetulonia)
- Vipsul (Faesulae, Fiesole)
- Velch(Vulci, Volci)
- Velzna (Volsiniia, Volsinii)
There was a period between 600 BC and 500 BC, during which twelve Etruscan city-states formed a loose confederation known as the Etruscan League. Etruscan was the official language for their meetings. When Etruria was conquered by the Roman Republic, Latin became the official language.
Roman Etruria
In the
Etruria in modern history
The
A particularly noteworthy work dealing with Etruscan locations is D. H. Lawrence's Sketches of Etruscan Places and Other Italian Essays.
Further reading
- ISBN 978-0615819112.
See also
- Padanian Etruria
- Etruscan history
- Etruscan origins
- Etruscan cities
- Etruscan civilization
- Etruscan society
- Etruscan language
- Etruscan mythology
- Kingdom of Etruria
- Tuscia
References
- ^ Treccani.
- PMID 34559560.
- ^ Kindy, David, Where Did the Ancient Etruscans Come From?: A new DNA analysis suggests the enigmatic civilization was native to the Italian Peninsula, Smithsonian, September 29, 2021
- ^ Rix, Helmut. "Etruscan." In The Ancient Languages of Europe, ed. Roger D. Woodard. Cambridge University Press, 2008, pp. 141–164.
- ISBN 0-312-38395-9.
- ^ Roma.Com, Redazione (2021-08-04). "L'influenza della civiltà etrusca sugli antichi Romani". Roma.Com (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-04-26.
- ^ Baracca, M. (1970). Atlante Storico (in Latin). Novara: De Agostini. p. 15.
Bibliography
- Bonfante, Giuliano; Bonfante, Larissa (2003). The Etruscan Language: an Introduction. Manchester: Manchester U.P. ISBN 0719055407.
- Hall, John F., ed. (1996). Etruscan Italy: Etruscan Influences on the Civilizations of Italy from Antiquity to the Modern Era. Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780842523349. Chronology of Etruscan Italy, [1].
- "Etruria". Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian). Treccani.it.
External links
- Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria, by George Dennis, an overview of Etruscan civilisation
- Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. .
- "The Mysteries of Etruscan Cerveteri: A Walk Through an Ancient Civilization" . transferinrome.cab - 2023-06-30