Lynne P. Sullivan
Lynne Sullivan (born December 25, 1952) is an American
Background and education
Sullivan was born in
That fall, Sullivan entered her freshman year at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville. In 1971 she applied to work on a dig and was denied the opportunity due to her sex. This would prove to be the first of many challenges Sullivan faced as a female in the largely male-dominated world of archaeology in the 1970s.
In addition, Sullivan worked at Cahokia in the summer and fall of 1974. This project to investigate the east palisade was funded by the National Science Foundation under the direction of Melvin L. Fowler. While at Cahokia, Sullivan was inspired by women PhD students in archaeology, the first that she had met.
In the summer of 1975, Sullivan was hired by the Archaeology Labs at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee to assist with analysis of a systematic surface collection from Ramey Field at Cahokia. In the fall of 1975, she enrolled in graduate school there. Lynne Goldstein served as her major professor. Sullivan received her Master of Science Degree in Anthropology and a Certificate in Museology in December 1977.
After a stint doing archaeological surveys for the
Post-graduate research history
While completing her dissertation, Sullivan worked for the Dickson Mounds branch of the
Research projects
Sullivan's research encompasses a diverse body of work including subjects such as Southeastern prehistory, Mississippian chiefdom societies, mortuary analysis, curation and preservation, social inequality, gender roles, and history of archaeology. She has published seven books and numerous articles on these topics.
Mississippian chronology project
One of Sullivan's biggest projects has been a career-long undertaking to understand chronological and spatial variation during the Mississippian Period in eastern Tennessee. As of 2001, the accepted chronology for eastern Tennessee divides the Mississippian period into the Martin Farm (900-1100 AD), Hiwassee Island (1100-1300 AD), Dallas (1300–1600), and Mouse Creek (1400–1600) phases.
Gender/Feminist archaeology
One area of particular interest to Sullivan is that of the role of women in both prehistoric society and the development of modern archaeology. As a female working in a largely male-dominated field of study, Sullivan has faced prejudice throughout her career due to her gender. Inspired by women such as McClung Museum founder Madeleine Kneberg and dendrochronologist Florence Hawley, both of whom made vast contributions to Tennessee archaeology with very little recognition compared to their male colleagues, Sullivan has become a prominent proponent of the gender/feminist archaeology movement that developed in the 1970s as a faction of post-processual archaeological theory.[9]
Her research on gender roles and social inequality overlaps with her studies on mortuary practices and sociopolitical hierarchy, and has helped provide a balanced perspective of Native American society.[10]
WPA collections preservation project and curation
In examining the Mouse Creek phase data set for her dissertation, Sullivan noticed that large amounts of materials collected by the Works Progress Administration excavations during the 1930s had yet to be properly organized and examined. Sites from Tennessee Valley Authority Reservoir projects, such as Norris, Watts Bar, and the Chickamauga Basin, had no reports and the collections needed better curatorial conditions.[11]
She took it upon herself to compile and complete the report for the Chickamauga Basin project and to get this important work published by the University of Tennessee Press. This project excavated many of the type sites for archaeological phases in eastern Tennessee. As Curator of Archaeology at the McClung Museum, Sullivan has made the preservation of the WPA collections one of her priorities. Working with the UT Libraries, she sought and received grant funding from the Institute of Museum and Library Services to create an online archive of the WPA-ers archaeological photos from the McClung Museum as well as the Alabama Museum of Natural History at the University of Alabama and the Webb Museum at the University of Kentucky. She also obtained funds from the federal Save America's Treasures program to rehouse the fragile and temporally diagnostic artifacts in the WPA collections into state-of-the-art museum cabinetry and to create an electronic inventory of these objects. Sullivan has also facilitated scanning of the WPA-era field records by student workers. These projects have both increased access to these document and artifacts as well as helped to preserve them for posterity. Additionally, Sullivan has encouraged the study of these collections by numerous graduate students at UT and elsewhere. In 2003, Sullivan published with S. Terry Childs a book entitled Curating Archaeological Collections: From the Field to the Repository, which was the first book devoted to archaeological curation issues in the United States.
Bibliography
Sullivan's publications reflect the diversity of her research, and include subjects such as the prehistoric Southeastern U.S., the curation/preservation of artifact collections, mortuary analysis, and the role of women in the development of modern archaeology. Her seven books and a selection of her articles are listed below.
Books and monographs
- Mississippian Mortuary Practices: Beyond Hierarchy and the Representationist Perspective. (L.P. Sullivan & Robert C. Mainfort, Jr., eds.) 2009. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
- Curating Archaeological Collections: From the Field to the Repository. (L.P. Sullivan & S. Terry Childs) 2003 Alta Mira Press, Walnut Creek, CA.
- Archaeology of the Appalachian Highlands. (L.P. Sullivan & Susan C. Prezzano, eds.) 2001. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.
- Grit-Tempered: Early Women Archaeologists in the Southeastern United States.(Nancy M. White, L. P. Sullivan, & Rochelle Marrinan, eds.) 1999. Florida Museum of Natural History, Ripley P. Bullen Series, University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
- Ancient Earthen Enclosures of the Eastern Woodlands. (Robert C. Mainfort & L. P. Sullivan, eds.). 1998. Florida Museum of Natural History, Ripley P. Bullen Series, University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
- Reanalyzing the Ripley Site: Earthworks and Late Prehistory on the Lake Erie Plain.(L.P. Sullivan, ed.). 1996. New York State Museum Bulletin 489. The State Education Department, Albany.
- The Prehistory of the Chickamauga Basin in Tennessee (2 vols.).(L.P. Sullivan, ed.) 1995. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.
Selected articles
- Reconfiguring the Chickamauga Basin (chapter 7), in New Deal Archaeology in Tennessee: Intellectual, Methodological, and Theoretical Contributions, edited by David H. Dye, University of Alabama Press 2016
- Residential Burial, Gender Roles, and Political Development in Late Prehistoric and Early Cherokee Cultures of the Southern Appalachians. (L.P. Sullivan & Christopher B. Rodning). 2010. In Residential Burial: A Multi-Regional Exploration, edited by Ron Adams & Stacie King, pp. 79–97. AP3A Series, American Anthropological Association. Washington DC
- Mississippian Mortuary Practices: The Quest for Interpretations. (L.P. Sullivan & Robert C. Mainfort, Jr.) 2009 In Mississippian Mortuary Practices: Beyond Hierarchy and the Representationist Perspective, L.P. Sullivan & Robert C. Mainfort, Jr., eds. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
- Mortuary Practices and Cultural Identity at the Turn of the Sixteenth Century in Eastern Tennessee. (L.P. Sullivan & Michaelyn S. Harle) 2009. In Mississippian Mortuary Practices: Beyond Hierarchy and the Representationist Perspective, L.P. Sullivan & Robert C. Mainfort, Jr., eds. 2009. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
- Archaeological Time Constructs and the Construction of the Hiwassee Island Mound. In 75 Years of TVA Archaeology, Erin Pritchard, ed. 2009 University of Tennessee Press.
- Differential Diagnosis of Cartilaginous Dysplasia and Probable Osgood-Schlatter's Disease in a Mississippian Individual from East Tennessee. (Elizabeth DiGangi, Jon Bethard, & L. P. Sullivan). 2009. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology.
- Hiwassee Island. 2008 in Archaeology in America: An Encyclopedia (four volumes),Francis P. McManamon, Linda S. Cordell, Kent G. Lightfoot, and George R. Milner, eds.. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT.
- A WPA Déjà Vu on Mississippian Architecture. 2007 In Architectural Variability in the Southeast: Comprehensive Case Studies of Mississippian Structures, pp. 117–135, Cameron H. Lacquement, ed. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.
- Cahokia's Mound 31: A Short-Term Occupation at a Long-Term Site. 2007Southeastern Archaeology 26(1):12-31. (L.P. Sullivan & Timothy R. Pauketat).
- L'archéologie de sauvetage à la Tennessee Valley Authority: une politique à long-terme. (Bailey Young & L. P. Sullivan) 2007 In L'archéologie reventive dans la monde: Apports d'archéologie reventive à la connaissance du passé, pp. 271–286. INRAP, Paris, France.
- Dating the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex in Eastern Tennessee. 2007 InSoutheastern Ceremonial Complex: Chronology, Iconography, and Style, Adam King, ed. pp. 88–106. University of Alabama Press.
- Case Study: Mouse Creek Phase Households and Communities: Mississippian Period Towns in Southeastern Tennessee. 2006 In Seeking Our Past: An Introduction to American Archaeology, Sarah W. Neusius & G. Timothy Gross, eds. Oxford University Press, New York
- Invisible Hands: Women in Bioarchaeology. (Mary Lucas Powell, Della Collins Cook, Georgieann Bogdan, Jane E. Buikstra, Mario M. Castro, Patrick D. Horne, David R. Hunt, Richard T. Koritzer, Sheila Ferraz Mendonça de Souza, Mary Kay Sandford, Laurie Saunders, Glaucia Aparecida Malerba Sene, L. P. Sullivan, John J. Swetnam) 2006 In A History of American Bioarchaeology: Peopling the Past, pp. 131–194, Jane E. Buikstra, ed. Elsevier Press, Burlington, MA.
- Gendered Contexts of Mississippian Leadership in Southern Appalachia. 2006 In Leadership and Polity in Mississippian Society, pp. 264–285, Paul Welch & Brian Butler, eds. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
References
- ^ "The University Of Tennessee". Archived from the original on 2010-07-30. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
- ^ "Through A Glass, Darkly: Clouded With Perceptions of Feminist and Gender Archaeology" Yasmin Carter".
- ^ "The University Of Tennessee". Archived from the original on 2010-07-30. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
- ^ Sullivan, L. 1991, Mouse Creek Phase Communities. Research Notes No. 6, Frank H. McClung Museum.
- ^ Sullivan, L. 2007. Dating the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex in Eastern Tennessee. In Southeastern Ceremonial Complex: Chronology, Iconography, and Style, Adam King, ed., pp. 88-106. University of Alabama Press. Tuscaloosa.
- ^ Sullivan, L. 2009. Archaeological Time Constructs and the Construction of the Hiwassee Island Mound. In 75 Years of TVA Archaeology, Erin Pritchard, ed.pp. 181-209. University of Tennessee Press. Knoxville.
- ^ 4Koerner, Shannon R., Lynne P. Sullivan, and Bobby R. Braly 2011 A Reassessment of the Chronology of Mound A at Toqua. Southeastern Archaeology vol. 30 no. 1 (Summer). In press.
- ^ Sullivan and Pauketat 2007, Cahokia's Mound 31: A Short-Term Occupation at a Long-Term Site. Southeastern Archaeology 26(1):12-31.
- ^ "The University Of Southern Illinois University".[permanent dead link]
- ^ Sullivan and Rodning 2010, Residential Burial, Gender Roles, and Political Development in Late Prehistoric and Early Cherokee Cultures of the Southern Appalachians. In Residential Burial: A Multi-Regional Exploration, edited by Ron Adams & Stacie King, pp. 79-97. AP3A Series, American Anthropological Association. Washington D.C.
- ^ "Dates For Shell Gorgets and the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex in the Chickamauga Basin of the Southeastern Tennessee". Archived from the original on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
External links
- University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology Faculty Profile- Dr. Lynne P. Sullivan [1] Archived 2010-07-30 at the Wayback Machine
- Friends of Moccasin Bend National Park Lecture Series Archives- Dr. Lynne P. Sullivan [2] Archived 2010-07-30 at the Wayback Machine
- White, Nancy Marie, Grit-tempered : early women archaeologists in the southeastern United States / / edited by Nancy Marie White, Lynne P. Sullivan, and Rochelle A. Marrinan ; foreword by Jerald T. Milanich.1999
- http://sarweb.org/?resident_scholar_catherine_m_cameron