Mardivirus

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Mardivirus
duck afflicted by
Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom:
Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Peploviricota
Class: Herviviricetes
Order: Herpesvirales
Family:
Orthoherpesviridae
Subfamily: Alphaherpesvirinae
Genus: Mardivirus
Species

See text

Synonyms[1]
  • Marek's disease-like viruses

Mardivirus is a genus of

Marek's disease virus) is the only one of these viruses known to be pathogenic and due to the antigenic similarity between the three viruses the other two have been used to vaccinate against Marek's disease. These viruses have double stranded DNA genomes with no RNA intermediate.[4][5]

Species

The genus consists of the following six species:

Structure

Viruses in Mardivirus are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 120–200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 175kb in length.[2]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Mardivirus Spherical pleomorphic T=16 Enveloped Linear Monopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral gB, gC, gD and gH proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and budding. Chickens, turkeys, and quail serve as the natural host.[2]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Mardivirus Chickens; turkeys; quail None Cell receptor endocytosis Budding Nucleus Nucleus Aerosol

Replication

The stages of replication are similar to other viruses in

perinuclear space in the endoplasmic reticulum, from here the nucleocapsid buds from the outer nuclear membrane and by an unknown mechanism loses its primary envelope leaving the nucleocapsid naked in the cytoplasm. The nucleocapsids finally gain their secondary envelopes by budding into cytoplasmic vesicles within the cell.[4][5]

References

  1. ^ "New Taxonomic proposals of the Herpesviridae Study Group" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). 2004. Retrieved 7 May 2019. Replace the temporary genus name 'Marek's disease-like viruses' with the genus name Mardivirus. Constructed from the term 'Marek's disease'
  2. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. ^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  4. ^
    PMID 15767401
    .
  5. ^
    PMID 15857974
    .

External links

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Wikispecies has information related to Mardivirus.
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