Marie-Josephte Corriveau
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Marie-Josephte Corriveau | |
---|---|
Born | January or February 1733[Note 1] Saint-Vallier, New France |
Died | |
Resting place | Saint-Joseph-de-la-Pointe-De Lévy, Lévis |
Nationality | New France |
Other names | La Corriveau |
Known for | Murder |
Marie-Josephte Corriveau (1733 at
Early life
Marie-Josephte Corriveau was born in 1733, most probably in January or February,[Note 1] and baptised on May 14, 1733, in the rural parish of Saint-Vallier in New France. She was the only surviving offspring of Joseph Corriveau, a farmer, and Marie-Françoise Bolduc. Her ten brothers and sisters all died in childhood.[1]
Marriages and deaths of spouses
Corriveau married at the age of 16, on November 17, 1749, to Charles Bouchard, aged 23, also a farmer. Three children were born in this marriage: two daughters, Marie-Françoise (1752) and Marie-Angélique (1754), followed by a son, Charles (1757). Rumors (that only started after the death of her second husband) say that she murdered him, as there is no concrete record of his death. Charles Bouchard was buried on April 27, 1760, and she remarried fifteen months later, on July 20, 1761, to another farmer from Saint-Vallier, Louis Étienne Dodier. On the morning of January 27, 1763, he was found dead in his barn, with multiple head wounds. Despite an official recording of the cause of death being from kicks of horses' hooves, and a speedy burial, rumours and gossip of murder spread rapidly through the neighbourhood. Dodier was on bad terms with his father-in-law and with his wife.
Arrest and trial
At the time, New France had been conquered by the British in 1760 as part of the
Condemned to hang, Joseph Corriveau then told his
Execution
The place of execution was Quebec, on the Buttes-à-Nepveu, near the
In 1851, the "cage" was dug up from the cemetery of the church of Saint-Joseph-de-la-Pointe-Lévy when a pit was dug.[Note 3] Soon after, the cage was stolen from the church cellar, and acquired by the American impresario P. T. Barnum and put on display as a "macabre object".[6] After that, it was put on display at The Boston Museum. The museum slip indicated its provenance with two words: "From Quebec".[6]
Through the efforts of the Société d'histoire de Lévis, the cage was acquired from the Boston Museum and is now part of a permanent display at Musée de la civilisation in Quebec City.[7]
In legend
The post-mortem exhibition of Corriveau's remains at a busy crossroads (a practice also in use under the French regime, and reserved in England for those found guilty of the most serious crimes);
The 1851 discovery of the iron cage buried in the cemetery of Saint-Joseph Parish (now the Lauzon district) served to reawaken the legends and the fantastic stories, which were amplified and used by 19th-century writers. The first, in 1863,
The figure of Corriveau still inspires novels, songs and plays and is the subject of arguments concerning guilt. Oral tradition also perpetuated and has not stopped and remains alive, as is evidenced by the numerous stories collected in the lands of many regions of Quebec.[Note 5]
In popular culture
- 1863: Les Anciens Canadiens (The Canadians of Old), novel by Philippe Aubert de Gaspé
- 1863: Marie-Josephte Corriveau, A Canadian Lafarge, in Maple Leaves by James MacPherson Le Moine
- 1877: The Golden Dog, A Legend of Québec, novel by William Kirby, translated into French by Léon-Pamphile Le May , Le Chien d'Or, légende canadienne (1884)[13]
- 1885: La Cage de la Corriveau, novel by Louis Fréchette, first published in a special edition of the newspaper La Patrie, 24 February 1885;[14]reprinted and rewritten many times, notably under the title Une Relique in the Almanach du peuple de la librairie Beauchemin, Montreal, 1913.
- 1966: La Corriveau, dramatic ballet choreographed by Montréal, 21 and 22 December 1966.[15]
- 1972: La Corriveau, song written by Gilles Vigneault in 1966 for the ballet of the same name, is recorded by Pauline Julien on her album Au milieu de ma vie, peut-être la veille de...
- 1973: Ma Corriveau, play by Victor-Lévy Beaulieu written for the public examinations of the students of the National Theatre School of Canada, premièred at the Monument-National, its Montreal base, from 3 to 6 October 1973 with a production by Michelle Rossignol, first premièred professionally at the Théâtre d'Aujourd'hui in Montreal from 19 September to 30 October 1976 in a production by André Pagé.[16]
- 1978: Le Coffret de la Corriveau, fantasy story by André Carpentier ,[17] translated into English in 1982.[18]
- 1981: La Corriveau, historical novel by Andrée LeBel[19]
- 1990: La Cage, play by Anne Hébert,[20] translated into English in 2009.[21]
- 1993: La Corriveau, short story by the English Canadian Douglas Glover,[22] translated into French the same year,[23] and into Serbian in 1995.[24]
- 1993: La Corriveau, play by Télévision Radio-Canadanetwork in 1995.
- 1999: La Maudite, teen novel by Daniel Mativat[25]
- 2001: La Corrida de la Corriveau, song by Mes Aïeux (on the album Entre les branches )
- 2003: La Fiancée du vent: l'histoire de la Corriveau, née en Nouvelle-France et pendue sous le Régime anglais, novel by Monique Pariseau[26]
- 2003: Julie et le serment de la Corriveau, teen novel by Martine Latulippe[27]
- 2003: Her story and the alleged paranormal aspects of it were featured in Episode 1 of Season 2 of the Canadian paranormal documentary series Creepy Canada, which carried out and showed a reenactment of her story and its allegedly paranormal aspects.
- 2004: Battle of the Brave (Nouvelle-France), film produced by Jean Beaudin (loose adaptation on the theme of la Corriveau)[28]
- 2006: La Corriveau, animated film by Kyle Craig
- 2015: Corriveau is featured on a postage stamp from Canada Post[29]
- 2022: Les Filles du QUOI?, play by Abby Paige [30]
Sources
- OCLC 77173288.
- Beaulieu, Victor-Lévy (1976), Ma Corriveau, suivi de La sorcellerie en finale sexuée (in French), Montreal: VLB, p. 117
- Bonneau, Louis-Philippe (1988). Josephte Corriveau-Dodier, la Corriveau, 1733-1763: une énigme non résolue. 15 (in French). Saint-François-de-la-Rivière-du-Sud (Quebec): Société de conservation du patrimoine de Saint-François-de-la-Rivière-du-Sud. pp. totales =231. OCLC 22506977.
- Dickinson, John (2001–2013). "La Corriveau". The Canadian Encyclopedia [en ligne]. Fondation Historica.. Brief article published in the online version of The Canadian Encyclopedia
- ISBN 2-920313-01-0. Archived from the original(PDF) on 13 June 2011.
- Fréchette, Louis-Honoré (1913). "Une relique - La Corriveau". Almanach du Peuple Beauchemin (in French). Montréal: Beauchemin: 302–307. Archived from the original on 2015-06-10. Retrieved 2010-07-22.
- Guilbault, Nicole (1995). Il était cent fois La Corriveau - Terre américaine (in French). Quebec: Nuit blanche. pp. totales =192. OCLC 35874386. Anthology containing fifteen oral versions of the legend of la Corriveau, different literary texts inspired by the theme, and four studies.
- Douglas Hay (1996). "Civilians Tried in Military Courts: Quebec, 1759-64". In Frank Murray Greenwood; Barry Wright (eds.). Canadian State Trials, Vol. I: Law, Politics, and Security Measures, 1608-1837. Toronto: University of Toronto Press / The Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History. pp. 114–128, 621–623. OCLC 225313361. Archived from the originalon 2010-12-03. Retrieved 2010-07-22.
- ISBN 0-665-07186-8.
- ISBN 0-665-07987-7.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - , pp. 147–172
- S2CID 243471924. Archived from the originalon 2007-09-29.
- ISSN 0575-089X. Archived from the originalon 2008-09-21.
- Lacourcière, Luc (1974). "Corriveau, Marie-Josephte, La Corriveau". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. III (1741–1770) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Encyclopaedia article
- MacPherson Le Moine, James (1863). "Marie-Josephte Corriveau, A Canadian Lafarge". Maple Leaves: A Budget of Legendary, Historical, Critical, and Sporting Intelligence. 1–7. Québec: Printed, for the author, by Hunter, Rose & Co: 68–74.
- Greenwood, Frank Murray; Boissery, Beverley (2000). Uncertain Justice, Canadian Women and Capital Punishment 1754 - 1953. Toronto: Dundurn Press / The Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History. pp. totales= 258. OCLC 44751697.
- OCLC 38430897.
Notes
- ^ a b The record of the act of baptism, of May 14, 1733, indicates that she was about three months old.
- ^ These were all near an ancient religious site between the Saint-Joseph and Vaudreuil roads. There was a religious monument called the Monument de la Tempérance which remained in the middle of the nineteenth century, until 1885.
- Louis Fréchettewrote about this discovery at the age of ten.
- Gibbet.
- ^ Notably the 52 stories collected between 1952 and 1973 under the direction of Luc Lacourcière (Lacourcière 1973, pp. 252–253 "Nos Racines / Our Roots". Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2010-07-22. and the 122 put together between 1975 and 1990 by the students of Nicole Guilbault (Guilbault 1995, p. 14).
References
- ^ Bonneau 1988, p. 44.
- ^ Lacourcière 1968, pp. 230–231 "Nos Racines / Our Roots". Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2010-07-22. (in French)
- ^ Lacourcière 1968, p. 234 "Nos Racines / Our Roots". Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2010-07-22. (in French)
- ^ 46°49′15.5″N 71°10′21.8″W / 46.820972°N 71.172722°W
- ^ a b Lacourcière 1968, p. 239 "Nos Racines / Our Roots". Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2010-07-22.
- ^ a b Fréchette, Louis (1913), "Une Relique – La Corriveau", Almanach du Peuple (in French), pp. 302–307, archived from the original on 2015-06-10, retrieved 2010-07-22
- ^ "LA CAGE DE LA CORRIVEAU ENTRE DANS LA COLLECTION NATIONALE DES MUSÉES DE LA CIVILISATION À QUÉBEC: Communiqués de presse: Musée de la civilisation - Québec: MCQ.org". www.mcq.org.
- ^ fr:Peine de mort en France#Ancien R.C3.A9gime
- ^ Aubert de Gaspé 1863, Chapter 4.
- ^ MacPherson Le Moine 1863.
- ^ Kirby 1877.
- ^ Lacourcière 1974
- ^ Kirby 1884.
- ^ Fréchette 1885.
- ^ Lacourcière 1973, p. 247.
- ^ Beaulieu 1976, p. 8.
- ISBN 0-7758-0165-8., reissued by André Carpentier in 1988 (Quebec Library, Montreal), translated into English in 2000 and Italian in 2004 (Worldcat).
- ^ Carpentier, André (Winter 1982). "The Chest of Madame Corriveau". Matrix. 17: 41–48..
- ISBN 9782891110563.
- ISBN 9782890523203.
- ISBN 978-0-88754-855-0.
- ISSN 0382-909X.
- ^ Glover, Douglas (1993). "La Corriveau". Meurtres à Québec (in French). Quebec: L'Instant même: 9–24..
- ^ "Curriculum Vitae of Douglas Glover". Retrieved October 21, 2009.[permanent dead link].
- ISBN 9782890517233. Archived from the originalon 2007-03-22.
- ISBN 9782764800669.
- ISBN 978-2-7644-0240-5. Archived from the originalon 2010-04-13. Retrieved 2010-07-22.
- ^ Tremblay, Odile (December 4, 2003). "Le curé et la pendue". Le Devoir (in French). Retrieved April 12, 2010.
- ^ Ghostly tales from across the country in second Haunted Canada stamp issue, Canada Post news release, September 14, 2015
- ^ "Les filles du QUOI? World Premiere". 6 April 2022.
Further reading
- Dion, Sylvie (2003). "La légendification du fait divers: le cas de Marie-Josephte Corriveau, la pendue encagée". Canadart (in French). XI: 11–24. ISSN 0104-6268.
- Dion, Sylvie (in Portuguese), Fantasmas femininos e imaginários coletivos-os casos de Marie-Josephte Corriveau e Maria Degolada, in Bernd (dir.) (2008). Imaginários coletivos e mobilidades (trans)culturals. Porto Alegre: Nova Prova. pp. 145–160..
- Przybylski, Mauren Pavão (2008). A representação feminina nos lendários gaúcho e quebequense: os casos de Teiniaguá e Corriveau, examination thesis (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Centre de Communication et d'Expression.[permanent dead link]
External links
Latest access date of external links: 17 April 2010 Archive documents
- Documents concernant la Corriveau, Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, Centre d'archives de Québec, Collection Centre d'archives de Québec, P1000,S3,D435. 128-page collection of research notes on la Corriveau (p. 1), typed transcription of the article by James MacPherson Le Moine, Marie-Josephte Corriveau, A Canadian Lafarge, from 1863 (pp. 2–11), a newspaper clipping entitled Le procès de la Corriveau, dated 28 February 1939 (p. 12) and a copy of the proceedings of the Corriveau case (typist's copy and photostat of the manuscript) (pp. 13–128) of the originals preserved by the Imperial War Museum in London.
Oral tradition
- Angélina Roy, La Corriveau, 1953. Story about the legend of la Corriveau, recounted 15 November 1953 by Madame Wilfrid Fradette, née Angélina Roy (1875–1958), of Saint-Raphaël de Bellechasse, to Luc Lacourcière. Archives de Folklore de l'Université Laval, Collection Luc Lacourcière, enreg. 1658, published in Lacourcière 1973, pp. 259–263
- Gema Leblanc, La Corriveau, 1989. Story about the legend of la Corriveau, recounted in 1989 by Gema Leblanc, inhabitant of Quebec, to Isabelle-Sophie Dufour. Published in Nicole Guilbault (ed.), Contes et sortilèges des quatre coins du Québec, Documentor/Cégep François-Xavier-Garneau, Quebec, 1991.
- José Bourassa, La Corriveau, 1989. Story about the legend of la Corriveau, recoiunted in 1989 by José Bourassa, inhabitant of Charny, Quebec, born in Drummondville, to Dany Parizé. Published in Nicole Guilbault (ed.), Contes et sortilèges des quatre coins du Québec, Documentor/Cégep François-Xavier-Garneau, Quebec, 1991.
Song
- Mes Aïeux, La Corrida de la Corriveau (lyrics)
- Gilles Vigneault, La Corriveau (lyrics)
Sculpture
- La Corriveau, bronze sculpture by Alfred Laliberté made between 1928 and 1932, now in the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec
Popular culture
- Nineteenth-century tobacco rolling machine, in the figure of la Corriveau in the cage
- Corriveau is featured on a postage stamp from Canada Post in 2015
Animated film
- La Corriveau, animated film by Kyle Craig – original version (23 min.) and abridged version (12 min.)
Commercial use
- La Corriveau, dark oatmeal ale from the Quebec microbrewery Le Bilboquet