Marine diesel oil
Marine diesel oil (MDO) is a type of distillate diesel oil. Marine diesel oil is also called distillate marine diesel.
Specification
ISO 8217 of the
Marine fuels range in viscosity from less than one centistoke (cSt) to about 700 cSt at 50°C (122°F).[2] (1 cSt = 1 mm2/s.) And higher viscosity grades are preheated during use to bring their viscosity into the range suitable for fuel injection (8 to 27 cSt). [2] But MDO does not need to be preheated before using. According to Chevron, MDO has a sulfur limit varies from 1 to 4.5 percent by mass for different grades and Sulfur Emission Control Areas (SECAs). [2]
Manufacturing procedure
MDO is made from a catalytic
Use
The market of MDO is much smaller than on-highway diesel. According to the 2004 US diesel fuel sales statistics from US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, marine shipping only makes up 3.7% of the total diesel market.[2] On the other hand, on-highway diesel makes up 59.5% of diesel fuel sales.[2] This small sales share of MDO is due to the high proportion of petroleum resid that made it can be used on large marine engines.[2] According to Chevron, petroleum resid, or inorganic salts, in the fuel result in injector tip deposits that prevent the injector from creating the desired fuel spray pattern.[2] But those low-speed, large marine diesel engines are appropriate for using fuel containing large amounts of petroleum resid.[2]
Regulations and restrictions
The
References
- ^ a b c "Marine Diesel Fuel Oil" (PDF). Environment Canada Oil Properties Database. Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Chevron. "Diesel Fuels Technical Review" (PDF). Chevron Global Marketing. Chevron. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "Everything You Need to Know About Marine Fuels" (PDF). Chevron Global Marine Products. Chevron. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 March 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "MEPC Official Documents". Marine Environment Protection Committee. IMO. Retrieved 7 May 2015.