Maude Delap
Maude Delap | |
---|---|
Born | 7 December 1866 Templecrone, County Donegal, Ireland |
Died | 23 July 1953 | (aged 86)
Nationality | Irish |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Zoology, marine biology |
Maude Jane Delap (7 December 1866 – 23 July 1953) was a self-taught marine biologist, known for being the first person to breed jellyfish in captivity, and thus observed their full life cycle for the first time.[1] She was also involved in extensive study of plankton from the coasts of Valentia Island.[2][3]
Early life and education
Maude Delap was born in
Collecting and research
Maude, and her sister Constance, were prolific collectors of marine specimens many of which are now housed within the collections of the
Delap became increasingly interested in the life cycle of various species of jellyfish, being the first person to successfully breed them in captivity in her home laboratory using home made aquariums.[1] She bred Chrysaora isosceles[8] and Cyanea lamarckii[9] in bell jars and published the results, observing their breeding and feeding habits.[6] It was due to this pioneering work that the first identification of the various life cycle stages (medusa and hydra) belong to which species. Her laboratory was referred to as the department which her nephew, Peter Delap, described as an "heroic jumble of books, specimens, aquaria, with its pervasive low-tide smell."[6]
Due to her contributions to marine biology she was offered a position in 1906 in the Plymouth Marine Biological Station, she declined due to her father's reaction, which reputedly was "No daughter of mine will leave home, except as a married woman."[5] Delap's interest continued in many forms of flora and fauna, which included the identification of a True's beaked whale which washed up on the island. This was a whale species that was previously only known from an incomplete specimen from the United States.[6]
Later life and recognition
Delap had a sea anemone named in her honour, Edwardsia delapiae, which she first recorded in eelgrass on Valentia Island's shores. This anemone is found in shallow sea water and it is unknown outside Valentia Island.[10] The naming had been suggested by Thomas Alan Stephenson in his book British sea anemones. Stephenson notes in his book that "Miss Delap's skill and persistence in collecting rare species are indefatigable."[6]
In 1936 Delap was made an associate of the Linnean Society of London. She died in July 1953, having been predeceased by all of her siblings, and was buried alongside her sisters near Knightstown, County Kerry.[7]
A plaque was erected to her in 1998 on Valentia Island by the Irish National Committee for Commemorative Plaques in Science and Technology.[5][7] Maude was also the subject of an art work by Dorothy Cross, exploring her life and interaction with contemporary scientists and artists.[11][12]
The poem 'Maude, Enthralled' from Doireann Ní Ghríofa's poetry collection To star the dark (2021) is dedicated Delap.[13]
Publications
- Browne, Edward Thomas and Delap, Maude Jane (1890) Notebooks, Drawings and Papers on Hydrozoa and Other Coelenterates from Valencia, Port Erin, Plymouth and Elsewhere
- Delap, Maude Jane (1899) Diary Recording Observations on Coelenterata and Other Marine Animals Around Valencia, Ireland
References
- ^ ISBN 0684020947.
- ISBN 1135963436.
- ISBN 0850668433.
- ^ ISBN 0810849798.
- ^ a b c d Ask About Ireland. "Delap, Maude Jane". Ask About Ireland. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
- ^ ISBN 0953195309.
- ^ a b c Byrne, Patricia M. "Delap, Maude Jane". Dictionary of Irish Biography. Royal Irish Academy. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
- ^ Delap, Maude Jane (1901). "Notes on the rearing of Chrysaora isosceles in an aquarium". Irish Naturalist. 10: 25–28.
- ^ Delap, Maude Jane (1905). "Notes on rearing in an aquarium of Cyanae Lamarcki Peron at Lesueur". Annual Report on the Fisheries of Ireland 1902–'03. Part II, Appendix 1.
- ^ Edwardsia delapiae, habitas.org.uk, retrieved 10 November 2014
- ISBN 0857710575.
- ^ BBC Radio 4 Woman's Hour. "Maude Delap". BBC Radio 4 Woman's Hour. BBC Radio 4. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
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: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Doireann Ní Ghríofa. To Star the Dark. 13 Moyclare Road, Baldoyle, Dublin, Ireland: Dedalus Press. 2021. pp. 46-49. ISBN 9781910251867.