Mbala, Zambia
Mbala | |
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UTC+2 (CAT) | |
Climate | Cwb |
Mbala is
History
A number of
Before colonial times, Mbala was the village of Chief Zombe on the Lucheche River. It became the focus of British interest as a result of travels by the explorer David Livingstone, the first European to visit the area, in the 1860s. He was followed some years later by
As a result, the
Polish refugees from General Anders' army arrived there during World War 2 and were housed in a camp. A cemetery with Polish tombstones testifies to their past presence.[5]
After Zambia's independence in 1964, the name of the town was changed back to Mbala.[6]
Since its heyday as a colonial town in the 1950s and early 60s, Mbala has suffered some decline, and has lost out in development terms to the provincial capital, Kasama, and Mpika, which have better road and rail connections. Although the Mbala area has fertile soils and plenty of water, it is far from urban markets and transport costs limited the viability of most agricultural crops. Similarly, while it has
Geography and transport
The town is at the edge of the plateau covering most of Zambia, at an elevation of 1670 m, about 900 m higher than Lake Tanganyika, which comes within 22 km (straight-line distance). The escarpment above the lake is the end of the
The second highest waterfall in Africa, Kalambo Falls lies about 40 km (by road) north west, and is formed where the Kalambo River comes over the Rift Valley escarpment.[9]
Mbala is on the old
Mbala is 25 km from the border with Tanzania and connected by a dry-season road to one of only two road border crossings between the two countries. It is not much used, the road beyond the border is a dirt track impassable in the rainy season.[11]
The paved road which winds down the escarpment to
Mbala has an airport but does not currently receive scheduled services, though it has a 2.6 km runway and was once a Zambian Air Force Base.
Climate
Mbala features a climate (Köppen: Aw/Cwa)[12] with consistently mild temperatures and clear wet and dry seasons. The wet season, from November to April, experiences high humidity and significant rainfall, whereas the dry season, from May to October, is marked by minimal precipitation.
Climate data for Mbala (Mbala Airport) (1991–2020, extremes 1961–2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 30.0 (86.0) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.5 (90.5) |
33.4 (92.1) |
31.4 (88.5) |
31.6 (88.9) |
31.5 (88.7) |
33.4 (92.1) |
34.5 (94.1) |
37.0 (98.6) |
33.4 (92.1) |
33.3 (91.9) |
37.0 (98.6) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 24.6 (76.3) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.9 (78.6) |
26.0 (78.8) |
26.5 (79.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
27.1 (80.8) |
29.0 (84.2) |
29.2 (84.6) |
27.0 (80.6) |
25.3 (77.5) |
26.4 (79.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 19.8 (67.6) |
20.1 (68.2) |
20.6 (69.1) |
20.5 (68.9) |
19.9 (67.8) |
18.6 (65.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
19.7 (67.5) |
21.6 (70.9) |
22.3 (72.1) |
21.3 (70.3) |
20.2 (68.4) |
20.2 (68.4) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.0 (59.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
15.3 (59.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
11.2 (52.2) |
10.6 (51.1) |
12.2 (54.0) |
14.1 (57.4) |
15.3 (59.5) |
15.5 (59.9) |
15.1 (59.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | 8.8 (47.8) |
10.4 (50.7) |
9.6 (49.3) |
7.8 (46.0) |
8.4 (47.1) |
5.6 (42.1) |
5.2 (41.4) |
5.5 (41.9) |
9.5 (49.1) |
10.0 (50.0) |
6.6 (43.9) |
7.8 (46.0) |
5.2 (41.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 268.2 (10.56) |
238.0 (9.37) |
186.4 (7.34) |
81.0 (3.19) |
11.1 (0.44) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.00) |
1.8 (0.07) |
27.9 (1.10) |
99.8 (3.93) |
228.2 (8.98) |
1,142.5 (44.98) |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
83 | 82 | 80 | 76 | 71 | 64 | 53 | 50 | 49 | 54 | 69 | 80 | 68 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 130.2 | 134.4 | 170.5 | 213.0 | 285.2 | 300.0 | 306.9 | 303.8 | 273.0 | 235.6 | 189.0 | 142.6 | 2,684.2 |
Percent possible sunshine | 34 | 39 | 46 | 60 | 79 | 87 | 86 | 84 | 76 | 62 | 51 | 37 | 61 |
Source 1: NOAA (sun 1961–1990)[13][14] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: DWD (humidity 1950-1980)[15] |
Attractions
- Lungu culture, named after the French Catholic bishop Joseph Dupont, nicknamed Moto Moto.
- Mutomolo harvest thanksgiving ceremony at Lake Chila even military training also a site of attraction it has a better view
- Uringa Pans
References
- ^ "Afrique Centre et Sud", Carte Routiere et Touristique Michelin, Paris (1996).
- ^ a b c The Northern Rhodesia Journal, Vol 4 No 6 (1961) pp. 515–527. Hope and Marion Gamwell: ”The History of Abercorn”. Accessed 7 March 2007.
- ^ Article by Prof. Desmond Clarke who led the major excavation at Kalambo Falls
- ^ "Mbala's link to World War I". Zambia Daily Mail Limited. 18 March 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
- ^ Polskie cmentarze w Afryce Wschodniej
- ^ "Mbala's link to World War I". Zambia Daily Mail Limited. 18 March 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
- ^ a b The Times of Zambia: “The sleeping tourism giant in Zambia”, Ndola, Friday, May 23, 2003.
- ISBN 978-0-8108-5305-8.
- ^ Camerapix: "Spectrum Guide to Zambia." Camerapix International Publishing, Nairobi, 1996.
- Great North Road— see that article for details.
- ^ Terracarta/International Travel Maps, Vancouver Canada: "Zambia, 2nd edition", 2000
- ^ "Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria". Nature: Scientific Data. 23 October 2023.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Mbala". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 24, 2024.
- ^ "Mbala Met Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved April 5, 2015.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Mbala (Abercorn) / Sambia" (PDF). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved January 30, 2023.