Microphone array
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A microphone array is any number of microphones operating in tandem. There are many applications:
- Systems for extracting voice input from ambient noise (notably telephones, speech recognition systems, hearing aids)
- Surround sound and related technologies
- Binaural recording
- Locating objects by sound: acoustic source localization, e.g., military use to locate the source(s) of artillery fire. Aircraft location and tracking.
- High fidelity original recordings
- Environmental noise monitoring[1]
- Robotic navigation (acoustic SLAM)[2]
Typically, an array is made up of
In case the array consists of omnidirectional microphones they accept sound from all directions, so electrical signals of the microphones contain the information about the sounds coming from all directions. Joint processing of these sounds allows selecting the sound signal coming from the given direction.[4]
An array of 1020 microphones,
Currently the largest microphone array in the world was constructed by Sorama, a Netherlands-based sound engineering firm, in August 2014. Their array consists of 4096 microphones.[6]
Soundfield microphone
The soundfield microphone system is a well-established example of the use of a microphone array in professional sound recording.
See also
- Acoustic camera
- Acoustic source localization
- Ambisonics
- Decca tree
- Microphone
- SOSUS
- Stereophonic sound
- Surround sound
Notes
- ^ Environmental Noise Compass
- (PDF) from the original on 2020-05-05.
- ^ Jesse Tribby (9 November 2016), Assessing the accuracy of directional real-time noise monitoring systems (PDF), archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-03-16, retrieved 2020-05-09
- ^ Stolbov M.B. (2015). "Application of microphone arrays for distant speech capture". Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics. 15 (4): 661–675.
- ^ LOUD: Large acOUstic Data Array Project
- ^ Largest microphone array
External links
- Fukada's tree, in an AES paper about Multichannel Music Recording.
- Hamasaki's square, in an AES paper about Multichannel Recording Techniques.
- Literature on source localization with microphone arrays.
- An introduction to Acoustic Holography
- A collection of pages providing a simple introduction to microphone array beamforming