Minamoto no Yoshitomo
Minamoto no Yoshitomo 源義朝 | |
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| Head of Kawachi Genji | |
| Preceded by | Minamoto no Tameyoshi |
| Succeeded by | Minamoto no Yoritomo |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1123 |
| Died | February 11, 1160 |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Spouse(s) | Yura Gozen |
| Relations | Tokiwa Gozen (concubine) |
| Children | |
| Parents |
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| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Minamoto clan |
| Branch/service | Minamoto clan |
Minamoto no Yoshitomo (源 義朝) (1123 – 11 February 1160) was the head of the
shōgun and founded the Kamakura shogunate, the first shogunate in the history of Japan
.
His Dharma name was Shōjō Juin (勝定寿院).
Hōgen Rebellion
With the outbreak of the
Taira samurai clans were called into the conflict. Yoshitomo and Taira no Kiyomori both threw their support behind Emperor Go-Shirakawa and Fujiwara no Tadamichi, while Yoshitomo's father, Minamoto no Tameyoshi, sided with the retired Emperor Sutoku and Fujiwara no Yorinaga. Yoshitomo, defeating his father and the forces of Sutoku and Yorinaga, became head of the Minamoto clan and established himself as the main political power in the capital of Kyoto. However, despite attempts to have his father pardoned, Tameyoshi was executed. In the aftermath of the rebellion, the Taira and Minamoto became two of the strongest and most influential clans in Japan, which turned the two clans into bitter rivals.[1]
Heiji Rebellion
In the first months of 1160 while
Heiji rebellion. The civil war wasn't to go on for very long as Kiyomori declared his support for the Emperor and rapidly defeated the rebel forces within the span of a month.[1]
: 255–258
While making his escape from Kyoto, Yoshitomo was forced to sacrifice his son Tomonaga to buy time. Even so, Yoshitomo was eventually betrayed and murdered while taking a bath. Three of his surviving sons, Yoritomo, Yoshitsune and Noriyori, were spared execution and exiled by the victorious Kiyomori. However, Yoshitomo's allies Yoshihira and Nobuyori were both executed.[2]
His grave in
bokuto
), as by legend his last words were "If only I'd had a bokuto...".
Family
Yoshitomo fathered five sons in total. His two sons,
Heiji Rebellion in 1160. At the time of the outbreak of the Genpei War in 1180, Minamoto no Yoritomo was his eldest surviving son. His other two surviving sons were Minamoto no Noriyori and Minamoto no Yoshitsune
.
- Father: Minamoto no Tameyoshi (源為義, 1096–1156)
- Mother: Daughter of Fujiwara no Tadakiyo (藤原忠清の娘)
- Wife: Yura Gozen (由良御前, ?–1159), "Urahime" (由良姫), daughter of Fujiwara no Suenori (藤原季範).
- Concubine: Tokiwa Gozen (常盤御前, 1138–c.1180)
- 1st son: Minamoto no Yoshihira (源義平, 1140–1160)
- 2nd son: Minamoto no Tomonaga (源朝長, 1144–1160)
- 3rd son: Minamoto no Yoritomo (源頼朝, 1147–1199)
- 4th son: Minamoto no Yoshikado (源義門, ?–?)
- 5th son: Minamoto no Mareyoshi (源希義, 1152–1180 or 1182)
- 6th son: Minamoto no Noriyori (源範頼, 1150–1193)
- 7th son: Ano Zenjō (阿野全成, 1153–1203)
- 8th son: Gien (義円, 1155–1181)
- 9th son: Minamoto no Yoshitsune (源義経, 1159–1189)
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Minamoto no Yoshitomo.
References
- ^ ISBN 0804705232.
- ISBN 0026205408.
Bibliography
- Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. London: Cassell & Co. page 60.
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