Mirza Muhammad Khan II
Mirza Muhammad Khan II | |
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Shiite |
Mirza Muhammad Khan II (1770–1836) – was third Khan of Baku.
Early life
Mirza Muhammad Khan II was born in 1770 to
Abdication
Relations were strained between Ahmed Khan of Quba and Mirza Muhammad after 1791. Following the death of Fatali Khan, Muhammadquli Agha – the uncle of Mirza Muhammad – tried to usurp Baku khanate using the inexperience of both Ahmed Khan and Mirza Muhammad as justification. He assured Ahmed Khan of his loyalty if he were to be awarded the khanate. Ahmed Khan sent an army contingent to Baku to enthrone Muhammadquli agha. Since Baku's army only consisted of about 500 men, he abdicated in favor of his uncle. [2]
Later life
Mirza Muhammad fled to Quba with his family, including his wife and his mother. Muhammadquli betrayed treaties and claimed independence. In response, Ahmed khan mobilized troops and marched on Baku to restore Mirza Muhammad. However he was defeated by Muhammadquli.[3] Ahmed Khan died in March 1791 and was succeeded by his 13-year-old brother - Shaykhali Khan. Mirza Muhammad again was given army to march on Baku. Shaykali further asked Count Ivan Gudovich to besiege Baku. Muhammadquli quickly sent his letter of submission to Russia, asking for help. Confused, Gudovich ordered counter-admiral Pyotr Shishkin to resolve the problem to Russia's benefit.[3] However the order was delayed because for unknown reasons and Baku was bombarded. Muhammadquli khan made peace with Shaykhali and soon fell ill and died. [4]
Struggle for throne
He was appointed as Khan again in 1792 by Shaykhali Khan. However, city nobles headed by Qasim beg Selimkhanov declared Mirza Muhammad's cousin
Mirza Muhammad took forces from Shaykhali and positioned on Absheron, blocking trade and supply routes. Huseyngulu sent Manaf to beg Selimkhanov to ask Gudovich for help. He ambushed Mirza Muhammad and captured him with his family. His younger brother Husein agha was the only one to escape battle, go to Quba and tell the story. Soon through Mostafa khan's help, the cousins made peace and Mirza Muhammad went back to Quba, while retaining his income from Baku oil fields.
Huseyngulu khan was detained by Agha Mohammad shah in Karabakh in 1797. Hearing developments, Mirza Muhammad rushed to seize Baku. However, Agha Mohammad's assassination and Huseyngulu khan's fast arrival ruined his plans. After a new treaty, he positioned himself in Mashtaga, acting as vice-khan.[5]
In 1803, he was attacked by Huseyngulu again in Mashtaga, this time with Mostafa khan's help. He fled to Quba and started to look for a way to gather troops. [6] He joined army of Russian general Sergei Bulgakov in July 1806. Together they captured Baku on 6 October 1806.
Governor of Quba
He was made provisional governor of Quba in 1809.
Family
He had three wives: Khanbika khanum (m. 1800, d. 1806) – daughter of
Offspring:
With Sofia (m. 1791, d. 1836) :
- Abbasgulu Bakikhanov (1794–1847)
- Jafargulu Bakikhanov (1796–1867)
With Kheyr-un Nisa khanum[8] (m. 1807, d. 1861):
- Javad Bakikhanov (1808–1866)
- Qadir Bakikhanov (b. 1817)
- Mustafagulu Bakikhanov (b. 1822)
- Abdulla Bakikhanov (1824–1879)[9]
References
- ^ Iskenderova M.S. The Baku Khanate, Baku: Çaşıoğlu, 1999, p.80-91 (in Russian)
- ^ Bakikhanov 2010, p. 200.
- ^ OCLC 900613609.
- ^ Bakikhanov 2010, p. 201.
- OCLC 837882352.
- ^ Bakikhanov 2010, p. 216.
- ^ a b Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeological Commission: [In 12 vols.] / Archive of Chief Executive viceroy of the Caucasus; Under the Society. Ed. A. D. Berger. – Tbilisi: Typ. Ch. Ex. Viceroy Cau., 1866–1904. T. 6: Part 2: [1816–1827] / Ed. A. D. Berger. – 1875. – 941 p. – pp. 907–908
- ^ Shamistan Nazirli, Azerbaijani generals. Baku; Gənclik, 1991 pp.28
- OCLC 972599590.