Ivan Gudovich

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Count
Ivan Gudovich
Иванъ Гудовичъ
Viceroy of Caucasus
In office
1790–1796
Preceded byAnton de Balmen
Succeeded byValerian Zubov
In office
1796–1798
Preceded byValerian Zubov
Succeeded byIrakli Morkov
In office
1806–1809
Preceded byPavel Tsitsianov
Succeeded byAlexander Tormasov
Viceroy of Southwestern Krai
In office
March 1798 – June 1798
Preceded byAndrei Rosenberg
Succeeded byAlexander Bekleshov
Military governor of Moscow
In office
20 August 1809 – 24 May 1812
Preceded byTimofey Tupolmin
Succeeded byFyodor Rostopchin
Personal details
Born1741
Old Ivaytenki, Cossack Hetmanate
DiedJanuary 22, 1820(1820-01-22) (aged 78–79)
Olhopil, Podolia Governorate, Russian Empire
Resting placeSaint Sophia Cathedral, Kyiv
Alma materLeipzig University
Military service
Allegiance Russian Empire
Branch/service Imperial Russian Army
CommandsAstrakhan 12th Grenadier Regiment
Russian Caucasian corps
Battles/warsRusso-Turkish War (1768–1774)
Sheikh Mansur Movement
Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)

Count Ivan Vasilyevich Gudovich (Russian: Граф Иван Васильевич Гудович, tr. Ivan Vasil’evič Gudovič; 1741–1820) was a Russian noble and military leader of Ukrainian descent. His exploits included the capture of Khadjibey (1789) and the conquest of maritime Dagestan (1807).

Ivan's father was an influential member of the Ukrainian

University of Leipzig. Upon coming to St Petersburg in 1759, Gudovich joined the Russian Army, hoping to benefit from the favors enjoyed by his elder brother, Andrey, an aide-de-camp to Peter III
.

Upon the latter's

Russo-Turkish War (1768–74) that Ivan Gudovich rose to prominence and greatly distinguished himself at Khotyn, Larga, and Kagul. The next ten years were spent in half-military, half-administrative work in Ryazan, Tambov, and Podolia
.

Gudovich won a European reputation for a series of brilliantly conducted sieges during the

Suvorov. Thereupon Gudovich moved to the Caucasian front, where he stormed the most important Ottoman stronghold, Anapa, and took prisoner its garrison of 13,000 soldiers.[notes 1]

In the wake of such a glorious success, Gudovich's capacity for supreme command could hardly be doubted. He aspired to lead the projected

Paul, recalling Ivan's allegiance to his father, had Zubov replaced with Gudovich, who was also made count.

Anapa Fortress, taken by Gudovich in 1791.

By that time, the Persian expedition was over and Gudovich prepared to lead the Russian armies to combat

new war with Persia
.

Named

Erivan and retreated with his soldiers to Georgia
.

Frustrated with the latest failure, Gudovich laid down all his offices and retired from the army to

Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev
.

Notes

  1. ^ Baddeley, Russian Conquest of the Caucasus, Chapter III gives the garrison as 15000 and says that it was annihilated, the Russians losing half of the 8000 men engaged

References

Further reading

  • The Great Soviet Encyclopedia
    , 3rd Edition. S.v. "Ivan Vasilevich Gudovich."