Mount Harriet National Park
Mount Harriet National Park (Mount Manipur National Park) | |
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Location in Andaman and Nicobar Islands | |
Location | Ferrargunj tehsil |
Nearest city | Port Blair |
Coordinates | 11°42′59″N 92°44′02″E / 11.71639°N 92.73389°E |
Area | 46.62 square kilometres (18.00 sq mi) |
Established | 1979 |
Governing body | Government of India |
Mount Harriet National Park, officially renamed as Mount Manipur National Park, is a
The park is named in commemoration of
The park's well-known faunal species are
Geography
Mount Harriet National Park was originally a reserve forest which was converted into a national park in 1979. It encompasses an area of 4,662 hectares (11,520 acres), which is likely to be extended to cover an additional area of 1,700 hectares (4,200 acres)[8] to include adjoining mountain ranges and the marine ecosystem on the eastern coast. The mountains in the park are aligned in a north–south direction with the ridges and spurs originating from it aligned in an east–west direction. The park's elevation range is from zero at the coast to the peak level of 481 metres (1,578 ft).[8] The eastern face of the park has steep slopes, and the beaches here are also formed of rocks interspersed with small sandy areas. The park is drained by many streams which rise in the hills and flow into the sea on the east.[8] The park experiences marine climatic conditions,[2] and hot and humid conditions in view of its proximity to the equator.[8]
A notable feature 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away from the park is Kalapathar, where prisoners used to be pushed down the ravine to their death.[3]
The park is at a distance of 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Port Blair, the capital of the union territory, which also has an airport.
Trekking through the park is popular as it passes through an attractive beach; one can watch endemic avifauna, animals, and
The tribal community living in the tropical forest of the park are the
Flora
The park has evergreen primary forests, and at Chiriyatapu the forest type is mixed deciduous, a combination of primary and secondary forests.[10] The three types of forests are categorized as tropical evergreen, hilltop tropical evergreen and littoral. Overall 134 plant and tree species are reported, including 74 native and 51 introduced species.[8] Some of the plant species of the tropical variety are:Dipterocarpus gracilis, Dipterocarpus grandiflorus, Dipterocarpus kerrii, Endospermum chinensis, and Hopea odorata including Araucaria columnaris which is a conifer native to Caledonia Islands. Plant species of the hilltop tropical variety are
Trekking along the 7-kilometre (4.3 mi) path from
Fauna
Avifauna identified by
Introduced species include the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and
The aquatic fauna reported from the streams consist of 16 species; some of these species are
The land
References
- ^ "Celebrations in Manipur for renaming Andman's Mount Harriet Park". www.daijiworld.com. Retrieved 2021-10-18.
- ^ a b Negi 2002, p. 52.
- ^ a b c Outlook 2008, p. 38.
- ^ Venkataraman, Raghunathan & Sivaperuman 2012, p. 7.
- ^ "Robert Christopher Tytler". britishempire.co.uk. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
- ^ Dalrymple 2009, p. 443.
- ^ a b Husain, p. 4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Mount Harriet National Park". Bird Life International. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
- ^ a b Negi 1993, p. 189.
- ^ a b Peigler & Naumann 2003, p. 131.
- ^ Abram & Edwards 2003, p. 589.
Bibliography
- Abram, David; Edwards, Nick (2003). South India. Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-84353-103-6.
- Dalrymple, William (17 August 2009). The Last Mughal: The Fall of Delhi, 1857. A&C Black. ISBN 978-1-4088-0688-3.
- Husain, Majid. Understanding Geographical Map Entries. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 978-0-07-009099-6.
- Negi, Sharad Singh (1 January 1993). Biodiversity and Its Conservation in India. Indus Publishing. ISBN 978-81-85182-88-9.
- Negi, Sharad Singh (2002). Handbook of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, and Biosphere Reserves in India. Indus Publishing. ISBN 978-81-7387-128-3.
- Peigler, Richard Steven; Naumann, Stefan (2003). A revision of the silkmoth genus Samia. University of the Incarnate Word. ISBN 978-0-9728266-0-0.
- Outlook Traveller. Outlook Publishing. January 2008.
- Venkataraman, K.; Raghunathan, C.; Sivaperuman, C. (2 June 2012). Ecology of Faunal Communities on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-642-28335-2.