Municipalities of Puducherry

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The municipalities of Puducherry include five administrative

Union Territory of Puducherry (formerly Pondicherry), India
. The territory had French system of municipal administration from 1880 through 1968, when it was reformed.

Area and population

Area of

Pondicherry
Municipality is 19.46 km2 and its population is 2,20,750.

Early years

Main article:
Municipal Administration in French India

The French Metropolitan Decree dated 12 March 1880 adopted a six-year term of office for mayors, municipal councillors and commune panchayats. From then all the civil records were maintained perfectly in Puducherry Union Territory.

In the past, municipal administration was virtually the pivot of the whole administrative machinery in Puducherry. It had several features that could serve as a role model for hassle-free administration. Puducherry had four municipalities in the past namely,

Pondicherry, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam
.

Actually, it was the municipal elections that decided cession of the old colonies of French to India.

Past communes

Pondichéry
had 18 sièges while other 7 communes had 12 sièges each, thus making Pondichéry settlement a total of 102 sièges.

La Mairie De Pondichéry (Hotel de Ville)

There was magnificent and elegant 19th-century municipality building situated close to the sea on beach road in

Pondicherry
. Now the office is located on Rue Dumas.

Le Dupleix is in a villa built in the 18th century as the residence of the mayor of Pondicherry. It is a 14-roomed luxury heritage hotel now.

Election results of 1948

In June 1948 the French and Indian Governments came to an agreement as to how the future of the French settlements should be determined.

Municipal elections were held in

Pondicherry, Karaikal and Yanam on 24 October 1948. The two main parties were the French India Socialist Party (Socialists), who favoured the continuance of French rule, and the Indian National Congress Party, who favoured union with India
.

  • Total seats-102
    • Socialists-83
    • Congress-13
    • Independents
      -09

Past mayors

Post-merger period

The areas comprising the

municipalities
. Except a few changes the municipal administration continued to carry on according to French laws.

Reorganization of local bodies in 1973

While in Puducherry Union Territory, the decree of 12 March 1880, which provided for a common structure of

Panchayat Raj system was in vogue in other parts of the country, and village administration has been carried out through people's representatives from the village level to the block level. Moreover, the old French laws had become so outdated that its replacement by a new law to meet the requirements of the changed circumstances was felt necessary. More over, the municipalities remained stagnant and the establishment charges had increased gradually to reach almost half of the income of the municipalities. Adequate funds were not left to meet even the essential as well as basic needs of the population. Further, much of the powers conferred on the municipalities by the various French laws ceased to have effect as these laws had been replaced by Indian laws. As a result, the municipal administration as conceived in the nineteenth century stood eroded, substantially. Hence, the system was replaced by the Pondicherry Village and Commune Panchayat Act, 1973 and the Pondicherry Municipalities Act, 1973 respectively to govern village and town administration. Both these acts came into force from 26 January 1974. Commune Panchayat Act provides for a two-tier system of Panchayat administration, one at the village level and the other at the commune level. The mayors and deputy mayors
ceased to function with effect from that date. All the executive powers of the mayors stood transferred to the commissioners appointed under these acts.

Under the re-organized set up, the Inspectorate of Local Bodies was converted into a directorate headed by a director to deal with the administrative matters. He was conferred the ex officio secretariat status with two deputy directors to deal with "municipal administration" and "rural development" respectively.

Absence of civil elections for three decades

For more than three decades, the municipalities and commune panchayats were staffed by the bureaucracy. Special officers stepped into the shoes of mayors and took charge after the civic bodies, formed in 1968, completed their six-year term in 1974.

Current municipalities

Following the introduction of the Pondicherry Municipalities Act, 1973, four municipalities came into existence in

chairman, i.e., those hitherto exercised by the mayor appointed under the municipal decree, came to be exercised by the commissioner
. The mayors were also relieved of their day-to-day administrative responsibilities, enabling them to be in greater contact with the public. Commissioners were appointed as the chief executive heads of the municipalities, in different ranks according to the grade of the municipalities. The erstwhile Ozhukarai Commune Panchayat was upgraded as a municipality with effect from 14 January 1994, and thereby the number of municipalities in this Union Territory has increased to five, and the Commune Panchayat became 10 in number.

Current commune panchayats of Pondicherry region

Present situation

The decree that was the basic Law of Municipalities has now been replaced by the Pondicherry Municipalities Act 1973, which came into force on 26 January 1974. The

chairman and vice-chairman as per the act. The municipal council was dissolved on 31 March 1978 and a special officer has been appointed to exercise the powers and to perform the duties conferred and imposed upon the municipal council, including the standing committee and other committees and that of the chairman and vice-chairman and other authorities other than the commissioner
.

Villianur

Main article: Villianur

This is a town in

Pondicherry district
, 10 km from the city. It has a big siva temple famous for Temple car festival on summer.

See also

References

  1. ^ Chambre de Commerce, Pondicherry - Official Website

External links

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