National Council of the Resistance

SFIO), Jean-Pierre Lévy (Franc-Tireur), Paul Bastid (PR), Auguste Gillot (PCF), Pierre Meunier (secretary-general) and Louis Saillant (CGT

)

The National Council of the Resistance (

, starting from mid-1943.

Background

Various

occupiers.

Founding

Charles de Gaulle, exiled in London and recognized by the UK as leader of Free France, began forming a committee to unify the resistance movements. On 1 January 1942 he delegated this task to Jean Moulin. Moulin achieved the feat on 27 May 1943 with the first meeting of the Conseil National de la Résistance in the apartment of René Corbin on the second floor of 48, Rue du Four, in Paris.

Aside from Moulin and his two assistants, Pierre Meunier ^[fr] and Robert Chambeiron [fr], representatives of the eight main French resistance movements, members of six of France's major political parties and the two large pre-war trade unions all attended the Rue du Four meeting.

Representatives of the eight major resistance movements:

• Front National
  )
• Roger Coquoin [fr] (Ceux de la Libération)
• Jacques Lecompte-Boinet [fr] (Ceux de la Résistance)
• Charles Laurent (Libération-Nord)
• Libération-Sud
  )
• Jacques-Henri Simon (
  Organisation Civile et Militaire
  )
• Claude Bourdet (Combat)
• Eugène Claudius-Petit (Franc-Tireur)

Under Jean Moulin's earlier influence, Combat, Franc-Tireur and Libération-Sud had already agreed to regroup themselves in January 1943 to create the

(Secret Army).

Representatives of the two trade unions which had been outlawed with the creation of the Labour Charter of the 4th of October:[1]

• Confédération générale du travail
  )
• Confédération Française des Travailleurs Chrétiens
  )

Representatives of the six main political parties of the French Third Republic:

• André Mercier (French Communist Party or PCF)
• André Le Troquer (French Section of the Workers' International)
• Marc Rucart (Radical-Socialists)
• Georges Bidault (Parti démocrate populaire)
• Joseph Laniel (l'Alliance Démocratique)
• Jacques Debu-Bridel [fr] (Fédération républicaine)

Arrest of Jean Moulin

However, shortly after the CNR's creation, its president Jean Moulin was arrested at Caluire by the SS. Over the next three days, Moulin was tortured by Klaus Barbie himself, and died during his transfer to Germany. He divulged no information to his torturers and his silence likely allowed the CNR to pursue its activities.

After Moulin's capture and death, the Conseil National de la Résistance decided for security reasons to end its plenary sessions and created an executive office of five members, with each member representing his own group and two others. The new office was under the direction of Alexandre Parodi, delegate-general, and Georges Bidault, the new president. On 9 September 1944 Louis Saillant succeeded Bidault as head of the CNR.

Programme

On 15 March 1944 the CNR adopted, after months of negotiations, the Programme of the Conseil National de la Résistance.

(social rights) of the second half of the 20th century in France.

References

• The text of this article was translated from this version of the French-language Wikipedia article "Conseil National de la Résistance".

External links

• List of members of the Conseil National de la Résistance from the archival web site of former French Prime Minister Alain Juppé,
• Description of the Conseil National de la Résistance from the Musée de la Résistance Nationale,
• Programme du Conseil National de la Résistance from Wikisource,
• France Républicaine - Conseil National de la Résistance,
• Article in the magazine l'Humanité,
• Le Programme du Conseil National de la Résistance.