Necrotising hepatopancreatitis
Necrotising hepatopancreatitis (NHP), is also known as Texas necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (TNHP), Texas pond mortality syndrome (TPMS) and Peru necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (PNHP),
NHP mainly affects the farmed shrimp species Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) and Litopenaeus stylirostris (western blue shrimp), but has also been reported in three other American species, namely Farfantepenaeus aztecus, Farfantepenaeus californiensis, and Litopenaeus setiferus.[2] The highest mortality rates occur in L. vannamei, which is one of the two most frequently farmed species of shrimp. Untreated, the disease causes mortality rates of up to 90 percent within 30 days. A first outbreak of NHP had been reported in Texas in 1985; the disease then spread to shrimp aquacultures in South America.[2]
NHP is associated with a small,
The aetiological agent is the pathogenic agent Candidatus Hepatobacter penaei, an obligate intracellular bacterium of the order α-Proteobacteria.[3]
Infected shrimps show gross signs including soft shells and flaccid bodies, black or darkened
The
References
- ^ ISBN 92-5-104620-4.
- ^ ISBN 92-5-104620-4.
- ^ "Access online: Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals - OIE - World Organisation for Animal Health". www.oie.int. Retrieved 2017-09-07.
- ^ S. M. Bower (1996). "Synopsis of Infectious Diseases and Parasites of Commercially Exploited Shellfish: Necrotizing Hepatopancreatitis of Penaeid Shrimp".
- ISBN 0-9624529-9-8.
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