Neosho-class monitor

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A drawing of Neosho as she appeared in 1863
Class overview
NameNeosho class
BuildersUnion Iron Works,
Carondelet, Missouri
OperatorsUnited States Navy
Built1862–63
In service1863–73
Retired2
General characteristics
TypeRiver monitor
Tons burthen523
Length180 ft (54.9 m)
Beam45 ft (13.7 m)
Draft4 ft 6 in (1.4 m)
Depth of hold9 ft (2.7 m)
Installed power
  • 400 ihp (300 kW)
  • 4 ×
    boilers
Propulsion
Speed12 miles per hour (19 km/h)
Complement100 officers and men
Armament2 × 11-inch (280 mm) smoothbore Dahlgren guns
Armor
  • Gun turret: 6 in (152.4 mm)
  • Hull: 2.5 in (64 mm)
  • Deck: 1.25 in (32 mm)

The Neosho-class monitors were a pair of

sandbar for six months after the end of the campaign while Neosho resumed her patrols on the Mississippi. The latter ship supported the Union Army's operations on the Cumberland River and provided fire support during the Battle of Nashville
in December.

Osage, after being refloated and repaired, was transferred to the

West Gulf Blockading Squadron in early 1865 for the campaign against Mobile, Alabama. During the Battle of Spanish Fort in March 1865 she struck a mine and rapidly sank. The ship was later salvaged and sold in 1867. Neosho was decommissioned after the war and remained in reserve
until sold in 1873.

Design and description

The original plans for the Neosho-class ships, designed by

turtleback deck design that promised to only draw 3 feet 6 inches (1.1 m).[1]

The steam-powered turret was at the bow and they had a deckhouse between the funnel and the

boilers powering one two-cylinder, western steamboat-type engine that drove the sternwheel.[2] The Neosho-class ships had a maximum speed of 12 miles per hour (19 km/h) in service and they carried 50 long tons (51 t) of coal.[1]

The ships' main armament consisted of two

pilothouse were protected by 6 inches (152 mm) of wrought iron while the hull had 2.5 inches (64 mm) of armor. The deck's armor plates were 1.25 inches (32 mm) thick.[3]

Ships

Construction data
Name Builder
Laid down
 Launched Commissioned
Neosho Union Iron Works, Carondelet, Missouri mid-1862 13 February 1863 13 May 1863
Osage 13 January 1863 10 July 1863

Service history

Neosho engaging Confederate artillery on the Cumberland, below Nashville, 6 December 1864

Neosho was commissioned at Cairo, Illinois on 13 May 1863, but was not completed until 1 July. She left Cairo on 14 July 1863 and reached Vicksburg on 6 August, just over a month after it had surrendered after a lengthy siege. Neosho and other warships patrolled the Mississippi and its tributaries to prevent Confederate raiders and flying batteries from ambushing Union supply ships. One example was on 8 December 1863 when "a Confederate shore battery attacked and disabled merchant steamer Henry Von Phul; Neosho and Signal steamed up to defend the ship and silenced the battery."[5]

From 12 March to 22 May 1864, Neosho and Osage participated in the unsuccessful Red River Campaign under the command of Rear Admiral David Porter. During the retreat down the Red River, Neosho was trapped above the falls at

artillery batteries on the Cumberland River, near Bell's Mills, Tennessee, on 6 December. Despite being hit over 100 times, she was not seriously damaged. The monitor bombarded the Confederate right wing during the Battle of Nashville on 15–16 December.[6]

Neosho was decommissioned at Mound City, Illinois on 23 July 1865 and remained in ordinary. She was renamed Vixen 15 June 1869 and again renamed Osceola on 2 August 1869.[5] The monitor was sold at Mound City to David Campbell 17 August 1873 for $13,600.[7]

During the Red River Campaign Osage was commanded by

Thomas O. Selfridge Jr. She participated in the capture of Fort DeRussy on 14 March 1864, shortly after the beginning of the campaign. She successfully defended the navy transports attacked during the Battle of Blair's Landing on 12 April, driving off the Confederate forces with heavy losses. After the end of the campaign in May she was assigned to patrol the Mississippi River. During that month she grounded on a sandbar near Helena, Arkansas and could not be refloated even when some of her armor was removed due to the rapidly falling water level. As the water receded Osage began to hog at the ends because only her middle was supported by the sand. This caused her longitudinal bulkheads to split and broke many rivets in her hull and on her deck. She was repaired in place before being refloated at the end of November.[8]

After being towed to Mound City for more permanent repairs,

West Gulf Blockading Squadron on 1 February 1865 for the attack on Mobile, Alabama. She participated in the Battle of Spanish Fort, defending Mobile from the east, but struck a mine in a previously swept channel and sank rapidly on 29 March. Two crewmen were killed and some others wounded.[1] The ship was later refloated and sold at auction at New Orleans 22 November 1867,[10] along with three ex-Confederate ships, for $20,467.[1]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e Gibbons, p. 57
  2. ^ Silverstone, p. 109
  3. ^ a b Konstam, p. 42
  4. ^ Olmstead, et al., p. 90
  5. ^ a b "Neosho". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Navy Department, Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved 8 August 2010.
  6. ^ Kostram, p. 21
  7. ^ For the date and location of sale, see Neosho, DANFS; for the price, see Gibbons, p. 57.
  8. ^ ORN, pp. 49, 339–340, 360, 451, 745
  9. ^ ORN, p. 745
  10. ^ "Osage". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Navy Department, Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved 8 August 2010.

References

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