Nitria (monastic site)

Nitria was founded in c. 325-330 by Amoun of Nitria^[2] and quickly attracted thousands of monks through the remainder of the 4th century.^[1] By 390, it had evolved from a loose collection of solitary monks to an organized settlement of multiple cenobitic monasteries, and included bankers, merchants, and sellers.^[1] Jerome, who visited Nitria in 386, said that it had over five-thousand monks.^[3][2] Palladius of Galatia, who lived there in 390, gave a similar estimate in his Lausaic History.

Christian pilgrims from the nearby city of Alexandria visited Nitria in large numbers, the monks servicing their needs.^[1] Other monks sought more remote areas, away from tourists and merchants, and established a monastic center in Kellia c. 338.

The monastic population in Nitria declined during the fifth and sixth centuries, and the site was abandoned sometime in the middle of the seventh century.^[1] Nitria should not be confused with the monasteries at Wadi El Natrun (formally known as Scetis), which are still in existence.

Onomatology

Nitria was named after a nearby town which took its name from the natural deposits of

Although Nitria is often called the Mountain of Nitria, there is little geographical elevation difference between Nitria and the surrounding region. It was likely called this referring to Matthew 5:14 where Jesus describes his followers as being a "city on a hill".

Location

Nitria

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Nitria is in Lower Egypt (modern day Northern Egypt)

The ancient site of Nitria was located by the

• Or of Nitria
• Serapion of Nitria
• Amoun of Nitria
• Cronius of Nitria
• Anthony the Great
• Bessarion of Egypt
• Chaeremon of Nitria
• The Tall Brothers
• Isaac of the Cells
• John of Egypt
• Macarius of Alexandria
• Macarius of Egypt
• Albianos
• Pambo
• Pishoy
• Sisoes the Great
• Ammonas of Egypt

See also

• Desert Fathers
• Eastern Orthodox Church

References