Pavlo Tychyna

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Pavlo Tychyna
Павло Тичина
Demian Korotchenko
Preceded bySerhiy Bukhalo
Succeeded byHryhoriy Pinchuk
Member of Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
In office
1946–1962
Deputy Chairman of Supreme Soviet Soviet of Nationalities
In office
1954–1962
PresidentVilis Lācis
Jānis Peive
Personal details
Born
Pavlo Hryhorovych Tychyna

(1891-01-23)January 23, 1891
CP(b)U (1952-1959, 1960-)
Residence(s)Kharkiv, Kyiv, Ufa
Alma materKyiv Commercial Institute
OccupationPoet, academician, interpreter, publicist
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine1929 - 1967
Signature

Pavlo Hryhorovych Tychyna (Ukrainian: Павло Григорович Тичина; 23 January [O.S. 11 January] 1891 – September 16, 1967) was a major Ukrainian poet, translator, publicist, public activist, academician, and statesman. He composed the lyrics to the Anthem of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.

Life

Tychyna in 1901
Ukrainian coin portraying Tychyna
Tychyna's grave in Baikove Cemetery, Kyiv

Born in

birth date until recently. His father, Hryhoriy Timofiyovych Tychynin, was a village deacon and a teacher in the local grammar school. His mother, Maria Vasylivna Tychynina (Savytska), was eleven years younger than Pavlo's father. Pavlo had nine siblings: five sisters and four brothers. At first young Tychyna studied at the district's elementary school which was opened in Pisky in 1897. His first teacher was Serafima Morachevska who later recommended him to try his talent in chorus. In 1900 he became a member of an archiary chorus in the Trinity (Troitsky) monastery near Chernihiv
. Simultaneously young Tychyna studied in the Chernihiv theological school. In 1906 Pavlo's father died. In 1907 Pavlo finished his school.

In 1907-1913 Tychyna continued his education in the Chernihiv Theological Seminary. There he became friends with the future poet, Vasyl Ellan-Blakytny. He also met Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky who greatly influenced his early works. In 1912-1913 Tychyna's works get published in the various local publications. In 1913-1917 he was studying at the Economics department of the Kyiv Commercial Institute which he did not finish. At the same time, he worked on the editorial boards of the Kyiv newspaper Rada and the magazine Svitlo (1913–14). In summers he worked for the Chernihiv statistical bureau. Later he worked as the assistant to chorus-meister in the Mykola Sadovsky theater.

When

Turkic language
, and became the activist of the Association of Eastern Studies in Kyiv.

Work

His initial work had strong connections to the

Ukrainian SSR. In 1933 the newspaper Pravda published his poem "The Party leads" in the Ukrainian language. Tychyna was often criticized by Ukrainian exiles
for the praising of Communism in his work and co-option by the regime, but recent scholarship has stressed his subtle distancing and mocking of Communist excesses and brutality through over-the-top suffusive praise.

Controversy

Tychyna represents a complicated figure in both a political and academic sense. Many Ukrainian exile intellectuals and scholars involved in the analysis of Ukrainian literary history could not accept Tychyna's submission to political authority and apparent abandonment of many of his literary companions to the horrors of Stalinism. The true merit of his later poetry has been difficult to judge in such a bitter environment, which is only now relaxing. It also becomes difficult to determine Tychyna's true intent and emotions in such a repressive environment.

Tychyna's willingness to work with authorities, however, did not prevent Soviet authorities from forcing him to write a letter rejecting his candidature for a Nobel Prize, likely due to his Ukrainian heritage.[citation needed]

Tychyna was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1967 by Omeljan Pritsak,[1] but died in September that year.

Major works

  • Clarinets of the Sun, (1918)
  • The Plow, (1919)
  • Instead of Sonnets or Octaves, (1920)
  • The Wind from Ukraine, (1924)
  • Chernihiv, (1931)
  • The Party is our Guide (1934)
  • Feelings of One Unified Family, (1938)
  • Song of Youth, (1938)
  • Steel and Tenderness, (1941)
  • We Are Going into Battle, (1941)
  • Patriotism in works of Majit Gafuri, (1942)
  • Funeral of a Friend, (1942)
  • The Day Will Come, (1943)
  • To Grow and Act (1949)

English translations

The poems of Pavlo Tychyna were translated into English by Stephen Komarnyckyj.

  • Tychyna Pavlo. The Raspberry’s Eyelash. Translated and edited by Stephen Komarnyckyj. — Salzburg: Poetry Salzburg at the University of Salzburg, 2012. 120 pp.
    ISBN 978-3-901993-36-7
  • Print translations by Virlana Tkacz and Wanda Phipps
  • Video of Tychyna's "War" read by Shona Tucker.

Awards

  • Stalin Prize
    1941 for collection of poetry "A feeling of the family united" (“Чуття єдиної родини”)
  • Shevchenko National Prize 1962 (along with Oleksandr Honchar and Platon Maiboroda) for selected works in three volumes (1957)
  • Hero of Socialist Labor
    February 23, 1967 for literary and civic activity
  • Order Red Banner of Labour (twice)
  • Order of Lenin (five times)
  • Gold medal "
    Sickle and Hammer
    "

Legacy

Street names
Memorial plaques
  • Kyiv (at 5 Tereshchenko Street, also opened a museum-apartment of Tychyna)
  • Kharkiv
  • Ufa (at 79 Pushkin Street)
  • Chernihiv (on building of the former Theological Seminary)
Monuments
  • Pisky village (bust)
Museums

In popular culture

The following pop songs were written on Tychyna's poems:

See also

References

  1. ^ "Nominations 1967". nobelprize.org. April 2020.
  2. ^ Song on YouTube
  3. ^ Гурт "Пиріг і Батіг": пісні на вірші українських поетів "Розстріляне відроження", Павло Тичина. LIVE
  4. ^ Video on YouTube

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pavlo Tychyna.
Political offices
Preceded by Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada
1953–1959 		Succeeded by
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