Phyllactinia guttata

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Phyllactinia guttata
Various stages in the life cycle of Phyllactinia guttata. Fig 1. Natural size, on chestnut leaf. 2.
Conidia
-bearing hyphae. 6.Conidium germinating.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Leotiomycetes
Order: Erysiphales
Family: Erysiphaceae
Genus: Phyllactinia
Species:
P. guttata
Binomial name
Phyllactinia guttata
(Wallr.) Lév.[1]
Synonyms[2]
List
    • Alphitomorpha guttata Wallr., Verh. Ges. nat. Freunde Berlin 1(1): 42 (1819)
    • Erysibe coryli (DC.) Mussat, in Saccardo, Syll. fung. (Abellini) 15: 137 (1901)
    • Erysibe guttata var. coryli (DC.) Link, Fl. lusit.: 484 (1833)
    • Erysibe suffulta (Rebent.) Mussat, in Saccardo, Syll. fung. (Abellini) 15: 138 (1901)
    • Erysiphe betulae DC., Fl. franç., Edn 3 (Paris) 5/6: 107 (1815)
    • Erysiphe coryli DC., in Lamarck & de Candolle, Fl. franç., Edn 3 (Paris) 2: 272 (1805)
    • Erysiphe guttata (Wallr.) Link, in Willdenow, Sp. pl., Edn 4 6(1): 116 (1824)
    • Erysiphe guttata f. corylea (DC.) Fr., Syst. mycol. (Lundae) 3(1): 246 (1829)
    • Erysiphe guttata var. coryli Link, in Willdenow, Sp. pl., Edn 4 6(1): 116 (1824)
    • Erysiphe suffultum (Rebent.) Nees, Syst. Pilze (Würzburg): 148, tab. 14, fig. 134 (1816)
    • Erysiphe varium var. suffultum (Rebent.) Fr., Observ. mycol. (Havniae) 1: 206 (1815)
    • Microsphaera betulae (DC.) Magnus, Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 16: 67 (1898)
    • Phyllactinia betulae (DC.) Fuss, Archiv des Vereins für Siebenbürgische Landeskunde, Neue Folge 14(2): 463 (1878)
    • Phyllactinia berberidis Palla, Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 17: 64 (1899)
    • Phyllactinia corylea (Pers.) P. Karst., in Salmon, Monograph of Erysiphaceae (Berlin-Stuttgart): 224 (1900)
    • Phyllactinia suffulta (Rebent.) Sacc., Michelia 2(no. 6): 50 (1880)
    • Sclerotium erysiphe ß corylea Pers., Observ. mycol. (Lipsiae) 1: 13 (1796)
    • Sclerotium suffultum Rebent., Prodr. fl. neomarch. (Berolini): 360 (1804)

Phyllactinia guttata is a species of

conspecific with Phyllactinia chorisiae, a 1997 study proved that they are in fact separate species.[3]

Microscopically, P. guttata is characterized by large

cleistothecia
are capable of dissemination and attachment to new growing surfaces by means of gelatinous penicillate cells.

Taxonomy

Originally named in 1801 as Sclerotium erysiphe by

Erysiphaceae[5] established the name as Phyllactinia corylea for roughly half a century, until the starting date for the naming of fungi was moved, and the name was established as Phyllactinia guttata.[6]

Description

The

cleistothecium showing appendages with bulbous base

The cleistothecia typically develop 8–12 easily detachable hyaline appendages that vary in length from 191–290 μm long. The asci are 4 to 5 to 20 or more, ovate, supported by small stalk-like structures (pedicellate), with dimensions of 72–83 by 32–40 μm. There are typically 2 spores per ascus, sometimes 3 or 4, and they are 31–36 by 21–25 μm.[8]

The cells attached to the upper part of the

ascomata that resemble hairs are known as penicillate cells; they are made of foots and filaments. The filaments can gelatinize by absorbing water and are thought to function in helping the ascomata adhere to the surface on which they grow, like the underside of leaves.[9] In P. guttata, the foots are cylindrical, irregular in width, 32–72 by 7.5–25 μm, and divided into 2–10 branchlets in the upper part. Each branchlet is short, bulbous, with filaments being 20–42 μm, somewhat shorter than the foots, which are 2–4 μm wide. The short, bulbous branchlets on the multi-branched upper part of the foots are unique among the Phyllactinia and are a distinguishing taxonomic characteristic of this species.[4]

Habitat and distribution

Phyllactinia guttula is distributed throughout

Ulmus.[12]

P. guttata is a host for the fungicolous hyphomycete Cladosporium uredinicola.[13]

References

  1. ^ (Wallr.) Lév., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3 15: 144 (1851)
  2. ^ "Species Fungorum - GSD Species". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  3. ^ Liberato JR. (1997). "Taxonomic notes on two powdery mildews: Phyllactinia chorisiae and Ovulariopsis wissadulae (Erysiphaceae : Phyllactinieae)". Mycotaxon. 101: 29–34.
  4. ^ a b Shin H-D, Lee H-J. (2002). "Morphology of penicillate cells in the genus Phyllactinia and its taxonomic application". Mycotaxon. 83: 301–325.
  5. ^ Salmon ES. (1907). "A monograph on the Erysiphaceae". Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. 9: 1–292.
  6. JSTOR 4547628
    .
  7. ^ Ellis JB, Everhart JM. (1892). North American Pyrenomycetes. New Jersey: Newfield. pp. 20–21.
  8. JSTOR 3755953
    .
  9. S2CID 34913772
    .
  10. ^ "SMML Database results". Retrieved 2009-05-01.[permanent dead link]
  11. doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.40821
    . Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  12. ^ Kapoor JN. (1967). "Phyllactinia guttana". IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria. 16: 157.
  13. doi:10.2509/pnwf.2006.001.001
    .

External links
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