Popular Liberal Action
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Popular Liberal Action Action libérale populaire | |
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President | Sacred Union (1914–1918) |
Colours | Light blue |
The Popular Liberal Action (
History
The Liberal Action was founded in 1901 by
Action libérale was the parliamentary group from which the political party emerged, adding the word populaire ("popular") to signify this expansion.
Membership was open to everyone, not just Catholics. It sought to gather all the "honest people" and to be the melting pot sought by Leo XIII where Catholics and moderate Republicans would unite to support a policy of tolerance and social progress. Its motto summarized its program: "Liberty for all; equality before the law; better conditions for the workers." However, the "old republicans" were few, and it did not manage to regroup all Catholics, as it was shunned by monarchists, Christian democrats, and
The party was drawn into battle from its very beginnings (its first steps coincided with the beginning of the Combes ministry and its anticlerical combat policy), as religious matters were at the heart of its preoccupations. It defended the Church in the name of liberty and common law. Fiercely fought by the
All but forgotten during
The Action libérale populaire played an important historical role by integrating into political life the Catholiques ralliés and by being the first political party, right of center, to organize itself under a "modern" scheme. A new attempt started in 1924 with the Popular Democratic Party.
Notable members
- Jacques Piou, Founding president
- Albert de Mun, first vice-president
- Amiral de Cuverville, vice-president
- duc d'Estissac, vice-president
- Baron Xavier Reille
- Camille Guyot de Villeneuve
- Hyacinthe de Gailhard-Bancel
- Henri Bazire
- Henri-Constant Groussau
- Louis Hébert
- comte Ferri de Ludre
- Paul Lerolle
- marquis de l'Estourbeillon
- Jean Plichon
- Emmanuel de Las-Cases
- Léonce de Castelnau
- Xavier de la Rochefoucauld
- Émile Driant
Electoral results
Chamber of Deputies | |||||
Election year | # of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
# of overall seats won |
+/– | Leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1902 | 1,350,581 (#3) | 16.00 | 85 / 589
|
–
|
|
1906 | 1,238,048 (#3) | 14.05 | 66 / 585
|
19
|
|
1910 | 737,616 (#6) | 8.65 | 30 / 595
|
36
|
|
1914 | 956,261 (#4) | 11.34 | 23 / 601
|
7
|
Further reading
- Martin, Benjamin F. "The Creation of the Action Libérale Populaire: an Example of Party Formation in Third Republic France." French Historical Studies 9.4 (1976): 660-689. online
- Partin, Malcolm. Waldeck-Rousseau, Combes, and the Church: the Politics of Anticlericalism, 1899-1905 (1969)
- Phillips, Charles S. The church in France, 1848-1907 (1936).
- Sabatier, Paul. Disestablishment in France (1906) online